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At present, vocational school students, who are becoming a hot topic in the talent market, are criticized by many parties for their internship. A few vocational schools, under the banner of "school-enterprise cooperation", "work-study alternation" and "on-the-job internship", make students become cheap labor by various compulsory means. At the same time, many vocational school students practice "muddling along" and "learning passively". How should vocational school students "cross" during the transition period of entering the factory?
"Students only entered the school last year, all around the age of 16 or 17. After the school urged parents to pay tuition fees, they told the students to go to a factory in Zhejiang for an internship for 4 months." Recently, without prior notice and consent, a vocational school in Mianyang, Sichuan arranged for students to go to other provinces for internships in early September, which instantly made parents "explode". Although the school explained and adjusted the internship arrangement in time, the extensive social discussion triggered by this incident still added a "real hammer" to the social evaluation of the vocational education that is striving for progress.
At present, vocational school students, who are becoming a hot topic in the talent market, are criticized by many parties for their internship. On the one hand, the chaos of "cheap workers" and "selling heads" still exists in some vocational schools, resulting in the loss of students’ rights and interests and complaints from parents; On the one hand, some vocational school students have a negative mentality of "muddling along" and "learning passively" after entering the factory, which makes the school fall into an embarrassing situation of being in a dilemma and being puzzled by enterprises.
How should vocational school students "cross" during the transition period of entering the factory? "Internship should be’ reliable, but also reliable to practice’" has become a common voice heard by workers daily reporters in the process of multi-party interviews.
16-year-old students have to work 12 hours a day.
Just after paying the tuition fee of 9160 yuan to the children, I was told that on September 15th, the school would take the students away from Sichuan to practice in other provinces. I not only had to work 12 hours a day, but also took the night shift, and the internship position was not in line with my major … Less than a week after the start of school, Ms. Zhao’s words were filled with anger when she talked about the arrangement of the children who were studying in the second year of vocational school. "I’m still a 16-year-old student, and I haven’t learned much professional knowledge. How can I do it?"
The reporter found that the vocational school involved mentioned by Zhao Nvshi was repeatedly appealed to public opinion in recent years because of students’ internships, and some of them broke the news that they threatened students to participate in internships with their diplomas. However, the school has always insisted that the internship fully complies with the students’ voluntary. In the recent turmoil, the school stated that "students can also find their own internships in enterprises, and for night shifts, they will communicate with enterprises according to the actual situation of students and make adjustments."
Vocational education can not be separated from practice in a vast world. It is particularly important for vocational school students to practice in actual jobs and combine what they have learned in class with their work practice. As early as April 2016, the Ministry of Education and other five departments jointly issued the "Regulations on the Management of Students’ Internship in Vocational Schools", which set the bottom line for internships in a targeted manner; In 2021, eight departments, including the Ministry of Education, revised this regulation again, marking one "no" and 27 "no" as internships. However, from the reality, it seems that it is still difficult to effectively ban the "student workers" chaos.
"Although it is a very small number of vocational school behaviors, it has a very bad impact on the overall development of vocational education." During the interview with the reporter of Workers Daily, many vocational school enrollment and employment leaders said that under the banner of "school-enterprise cooperation", "work-study alternation" and "on-the-job internship", students were made into cheap labor by various compulsory means, which not only violated the rights and interests of interns, affected their employment outlook, but also made more parents afraid of their children’s vocational education choices.
Critical "warm-up" period in the workplace
"Internship in an enterprise is a key’ warm-up’ period for vocational school students. In the final analysis, the school is the most critical’ gatekeeper’." Chengdu Communications Senior Technical School has been established for more than 40 years, and is currently cooperating with Chengdu Rail Transit Group Co., Ltd.. In recent years, relying on the superior resources of state-owned enterprises, the school has actively explored a new model of "state-owned enterprises building a platform and integrating production and education" to effectively open up the "last mile" of vocational education and industrial demand.
"High-quality internship is related to the quality and image of vocational education." The relevant person in charge of the school said that through the construction of off-campus training bases and the development of professional training courses, the teaching content and teaching methods were optimized, which not only met the actual employment needs of enterprises, but also escorted the internship work of students. Up to now, the school has accumulated more than 4,000 high-skilled talents in the field of rail transit for the first line of operation.
"After eight months of internship, I quickly realized the role change after I officially entered the job." At present, opening order classes has become a common practice in vocational schools, and Tian Dandan, a graduate of 2019 power distribution class in Chengdu Communications Senior Technical School, is one of the beneficiaries. As the only order class of power distribution specialty in the school year, during the internship last year, all 21 students entered the first-line internship of their counterparts, and each student was given one-on-one guidance by Fu, a senior engineer where a shift was located.
"The updating iteration of power distribution professional equipment is fast, and book knowledge will lag behind the actual situation of the production line. Internship is an important buffer period for combining theoretical digestion with practice." Tian Dandan feels particularly lucky that the order class has high-quality internship guarantee. From entering the real working environment for the first time, to listening to the on-site teaching at close range for the first time, and then earnestly completing the practical tasks assigned by the instructor, Tian Dandan can feel his subtle progress every day, whether it is psychological or ability level, which is getting closer and closer to the job requirements. After the internship expired, she was assigned to the Bailianchi Operation Monitoring Workshop of Chengdu Metro Operation Co., Ltd. for trial use. "It is still in the inspection period, but I am confident that the customs clearance will be successful."
There is also a vast world in entering the factory.
Carry out flood control inspection, fire control inspection, replace the fire extinguisher seal, and clean the equipment … In fact, due to the particularity of power distribution work, Tian Dandan can only do some very single auxiliary work during her internship, which involves the troubleshooting of related equipment, and looks from a distance at the designated location. However, due to her diligence and hard work, she is highly appreciated by the master, and she "sees" the doorway little by little and learns the skills.
"We all cherish the’ reliable’ interns." After graduating from vocational school for more than ten years, Yang Jianlin, the process director (program) of the technical center of Chengdu Ruixue Fengtai Precision Electronics Co., Ltd., has gradually moved from the grass-roots level to the management post, and has also grown from a former apprentice to a master of others, and has also really felt the change of the internship atmosphere of vocational school students. "In the past, we begged the master to teach us, but now we are begging the students to study hard."
"Training is not a trial, but a teacher to teach experience. Many things can’t be learned in school, but they can only be taught by hand, but not all students will take it seriously." Yang Jianlin told reporters that junior positions in enterprises often don’t get higher salaries, so even if enterprises and schools have established cooperation projects, it is a reality that they can’t keep people. "Some vocational school interns’ muddle along’ and’ learn passively’ in order to complete their training and get their diplomas".
"It is obviously not long to avoid’ heavy’ and’ light’. It is a lifelong career development path to gain a skill through job training." Yang Jianlin said that it has become a national strategy to develop vocational education and cultivate artisans in big countries. Many policies such as further education, certification and conversion of skill levels are leaning towards vocational school students, and there is a broad world to look forward to when they enter the factory. I hope this can be further recognized at the social level. (Reporter Li Na)