one
Gap of equipment
"Shenzhen and Shanghai are the cities with the best configuration of AED in China, especially Shenzhen, which still has a lot of AED equipment, but when we calculated last year, its level was one within an average of 1.5 kilometers, which could not reach ‘ 4 minutes ’ This requirement. "
2
Cost gap
"At present, there is no unified management organization for AED equipment, and buyers or donors are also different." "A machine of around 30,000 will cost a lot if you want to popularize it. Where does this fee come from? Which institution can pay the bill? "
three
A gap in consciousness
"We not only lack first-aid knowledge and skills, but also first-aid equipment, such as first-aid kits and AEDs, and what we lack is first-aid awareness." "In the past, everyone thought that pre-hospital first aid had to wait for 120. I was unprofessional and I could do nothing."
From Xu Yong, editor of Xinhua News Agency, to Godfrey Tsao, an artist, their sudden death is regrettable, and the "life-saving artifact" AED (automated external defibrillator) is once again hotly debated. AED, known as the "life-saving artifact" in the front line of life and death, is it configured in real life, is it used correctly, and does it really enter the lives of ordinary citizens?
Recently, Chengdu Business Daily-Red Star journalists conducted many investigations and found that although the first-aid knowledge such as pre-hospital first aid and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) has entered the public’s field of vision in recent years, the popularization of AED in China is still unsatisfactory. The popularity of AED in public places is far from the requirement of "golden four minutes" treatment.
Relevant personnel of the Relief and Rescue Department of the Red Cross Society of China said in an interview with Chengdu Business Daily-Red Star News reporter that AED equipment can really improve the success rate of treatment, but it is more important to popularize first aid knowledge. Many people in the industry have revealed that the lack of AED is only a "microcosm", reflecting the lack of public awareness of first aid.
If you want to find out where the nearest AED is, the WeChat applet "Help Map" can do it. First Response, an emergency training institution, is the developer of the program. Lisa, its co-founder, told Chengdu Business Daily-Red Star journalist that the "life-saving map" can provide the location of the nearest AED equipment according to the user’s location, and jump to an external map program for navigation.
By looking at the "life-saving map", the reporter noticed that the distribution of AED equipment in Beijing included in the map was uneven: in Chaoyang District, for example, in the core areas of Sanlitun and Guomao, the layout of AED equipment was relatively dense, but in the areas near Jiulong Mountain and Baiziwan in the southeast, the number of AED equipment was very small. The reporter searched for a nearby AED device in Heshenghui Shopping Mall through the "life-saving map", which is located on the fifth floor of the office building across the street. The equipment attribute is donated by the enterprise. The reporter found that the company could not take out the equipment for use after work. The contact person of the AED equipment told the reporter that the equipment is managed by his own company and can also be lent to the public for use, but it is almost never lent. The contact explained that, considering the risk of loss and other reasons, the equipment has always been stored in the store, so employees can’t be taken out after work.
Where have all the AEDs in Beijing gone? It is understood that at present, AEDs in Beijing are mostly located in airports. According to the Beijing Daily, up to now, there are 69 AED devices and 8 spare devices in the three terminals of the Capital Airport, which are distributed in crowded areas such as check-in area, waiting area, entrance passage and baggage hall. In Beijing Daxing International Airport, 40 AED devices have been installed.
AED faces three dilemmas.
"Every time a student asks me where I can see AED besides the airport, I feel very embarrassed. Indeed, we have not popularized it." Shi Hong, the captain of the first-aid team of Beijing Emergency Volunteers Corps and the director of the American Heart Association (AHA), has been doing public promotion teaching of AED for 10 years, but he found that every hot search on AED is still based on the occurrence of sudden death. As soon as the heat of the incident passed, everyone put the matter aside.
Shenzhen with the best configuration
Also can not meet the "4 minutes" requirement.
Shi Hong traveled all the year round for emergency rescue training. He found that the popularity of rescue culture in Beijing was higher than that in other cities, but the AED setting was far from enough. He was deeply impressed by Shanghai and Shenzhen, where the number of AEDs was relatively large, but only for the national average, it could not meet the four-minute rescue demand of gold.
Lisa is deeply touched. She said that under ideal circumstances, shopping malls, subway stations, airports, high-speed railway station and other public places should be equipped with AED equipment, but at present, the actual configuration of AED equipment in China is far from the requirements. "At present, Shenzhen and Shanghai are the cities with the best AED configuration in China, especially Shenzhen, and its number of AED equipment is still large, but when we calculated last year, its level was one within an average of 1.5 kilometers, which is not up to ‘ 4 minutes ’ This requirement. "
"Golden 4 minutes" is the best rescue time recognized by the industry. "Ideally, an AED device should be deployed within 4 minutes’ walk from the accident site." Lisa said that the sooner the patient performs cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and cooperates with AED equipment in the "golden 4 minutes" after falling to the ground, the better the survival rate of sudden death.
30 thousand yuan a set
Who will pay the bill is a question.
But the present situation is not satisfactory. Why are AEDs so "scarce"? Who will pay the bill is also a problem. "At present, there is no unified management organization for AED equipment, and buyers or donors are also different." Lisa said that the AED equipment currently included in the "life-saving map" and seen in public places may come from the unified procurement of the local health and health commission, the civil affairs bureau, the emergency management bureau or the Red Cross, and may also come from donations from charitable organizations or enterprises.
"There is no unified wind direction, and it is all based on their own push." This is Shi Hong’s feeling. Despite everyone’s efforts, the strength is still "very loose". This also leads to a real problem, "a machine of about 30 thousand will cost a lot if it wants to be popularized." Where does this fee come from? Which institution can pay the bill? " Shi Hong feels that there is demand in society now, but there are too few equipments.
With the equipment
Dare to use it, will it be used?
Jia Dacheng, a retired doctor from Beijing Emergency Center, who is known as "the first person in China’s first aid education", told Chengdu Business Daily-Red Star News reporter that nine times out of ten emergency cases he experienced were rescued by AED, and only one or two were saved by hand-held cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Another data shows that the success rate of cardiopulmonary resuscitation with AED is 60%~70% higher than that without AED.
Even with the equipment, where it is, will the public dare to use it or not?
Although many experts told Chengdu Business Daily-Red Star News reporter that AED is simple to operate, just turn it on and follow the voice prompts. But at the same time, they also told reporters that people who have not received training often dare not use it and are afraid of taking responsibility; Those who master the relevant first aid knowledge are still considered as "minorities" in China.
Lisa told reporters that they had done relevant investigations. At present, people’s understanding and understanding of CPR skills in China is only at the level of "barely passing". "Although everyone has learned about CPR through various channels, there should not be many people who can do it right in case of unexpected events without practical operation."
Lisa stressed that compared with the United States and Japan, our mastery rate of cardiopulmonary resuscitation skills is only one thousandth of theirs, including the use of AED equipment.
Zhang Li of the Relief and Rescue Department of the Red Cross Society of China believes that the public’s awareness of first aid needs to be improved urgently. "In the past, everyone thought that pre-hospital first aid had to wait for 120. I was unprofessional and I could do nothing." Zhang Li pointed out that at the scene of an emergency, the scientific rescue of the first witness at the first time and the first scene is a very important part of pre-hospital first aid. Zhang Li revealed that this year, the Shanghai Red Cross made a questionnaire survey on AEDs to 10,000 college students in local universities. The result showed that about 60% knew about AEDs, only 38% knew about the configuration of AEDs in our school, and only 22% knew how to use them.
Shi Hong believes that different rescuers’ differences in operation timing control and operation details will bring controversy, and moral and legal issues cannot be avoided. Even the certification of operator qualification is controversial. At the same time, AED belongs to non-medical operation, but it plays a medical role and allows all people to operate. How to establish the identification system for medical and non-medical treatment is also a practical problem. Shi Hong said that excessive disputes over operational details will affect the work efficiency of the promotion.
"We not only lack first-aid knowledge and skills, but also first-aid equipment, such as first-aid kits and AEDs, and what we lack is first-aid awareness." Jia Dacheng, who has been engaged in medical emergency work for more than 30 years, said.
■ Standards are coming.
Public awareness of first aid has improved significantly.
Healthy China Action Promotes AED Popularization
Jia Dacheng has given lectures and training on first aid knowledge for thousands of institutions in various industries in China for many years. He is a senior expert in first aid popularization education in China. In the 1990s, after he first came into contact with the AED given by the US to Beijing Emergency Center, Jia Dacheng’s career was permeated with the popularization of AED to the public. Up to now, 70-year-old Jia Dacheng still carries AED with him when he goes out, one for emergency at any time, and the other for spreading first aid knowledge and concepts.
Compared with the 1990 s, he believes that the public’s awareness of first aid has improved significantly. "No one paid attention to it in the 1990 s, and no one came to the on-site training; Now I am actively looking for me to train. "
At present, the deployment of AEDs in public places has not been clearly defined. However, the good news is that relevant documents have been issued at the national level to promote the popularization of AEDs. The Healthy China Action (2019-2030) issued by the State Council this year mentioned that residents should be guided to learn and master the knowledge and skills of self-help and mutual rescue such as cardiopulmonary resuscitation. By 2022 and 2030, the number of people who have obtained the first aid training certificate will reach 1% and 3% respectively, and the primary and secondary school teaching staff will be trained as first aiders according to the ratio of teachers and students of 1:50. Improve the equipment standard of AED in public places, and configure an ambulance for every 50,000 people to shorten the first aid response time.
In October this year, when faced with a message from netizens about "accelerating the deployment of AEDs in public places", National Health Commission also responded — — "China has made some progress in promoting the public to use AEDs, but there is still a big gap compared with advanced countries. In the next step, the National Health and Wellness Commission will actively promote the implementation of the Healthy China Action, further strengthen cooperation with the Chinese Red Cross Society and other departments, coordinate relevant departments, jointly increase the investment in AED configuration, carry out universal training on AED and cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and scientifically guide the deployment and use of AED, actively promote the popularization of AED, and create a social atmosphere in which the public participates in first aid. "
"It’s much better than in previous years." Jia Dacheng said. "Everyone learns first aid, and first aid is for everyone." Encourage everyone to learn first aid knowledge and skills, which is also the concept that Zhang Li and others have always advocated.
Chengdu Business Daily-Red Star Journalist Wang Tian Yan Yu Cheng Zhao Qian
■ Visiting Chengdu
Some aeds cannot be turned on.
Official: It will be repaired and replaced in the near future
A few days ago, Chengdu Health and Health Commission announced the configuration point of AED in Chengdu. Some citizens found in Kuanzhai Lane that the unlocking place of AED equipment next to the Taitai specialty in Kuanxiang Ring was damaged and could not be opened normally. According to the description of the citizens, on December 3rd, a reporter from Chengdu Business Daily-Red Star came to Kuanzhai Lane, People’s Park and Mengzhuiwan Swimming Pool to learn about the management of local AED equipment.
On the afternoon of the 3rd, according to the AED configuration points announced by Chengdu Health and Health Commission, the reporter found the configured AED equipment at the entrance of No.27, Narrow Alley, next to the Huantai specialty in Kuanxiang, Kuanzhai Lane Scenic Area, but no equipment was found next to the old summer hot pot in Narrow Alley.
The unlocking place of the AED equipment configured next to the Taite in the wide alley ring has been damaged and cannot be opened. The reporter asked the surrounding businesses to understand that the equipment was not managed by the staff of the surrounding stores, and no staff was found around the equipment for management.
Equipment was found in the AED configuration points of People’s Park announced by Chengdu Health and Health Commission. However, when the reporter scanned the QR code according to the operation process on the device, he directly jumped to the WeChat WeChat official account of the device through WeChat. According to the prompt, the reporter scanned the code again. Although the prompt was successful in opening the device, it was not actually opened, and the prompt "Please use a safety hammer when the QR code cannot open the door" was printed on one side of the device.
At the Mengzhuwan Swimming Pool, the reporter found that all the equipment configured on the spot can be turned on. On each AED device, the prompt "Please contact the nearby staff to take the AED, and if the situation is urgent, you can break the glass to take it" was written, and the operating instructions of the AED automatic external defibrillator were placed under the equipment.
In response to the above situation, the reporter contacted the Chengdu Emergency Command Center. Chen Jing, deputy director of the Chengdu Emergency Command Center Office, said that according to the feedback from the public, he immediately contacted the management of Kuanzhai Lane to inspect the equipment, and found that the AED equipment next to the Kuanxiangzi Huantai specialty was indeed damaged and could not be opened normally. "In the near future, we will replace the AED equipment lock box in Kuanzhai Lane." Chen Jing told reporters that since the AED equipment deployed in Kuanzhai Lane is the first batch of equipment, it has been nearly three years since it was deployed, and it will be repaired and replaced in the near future.
Chen Jing also told reporters that "there are no relevant laws and regulations to guide the development of this work." Because Chengdu Emergency Command Center has no administrative power over public area managers, some public area managers do not cooperate with AED equipment management. "There may be some public areas that are not active in equipment management, but we will continue to strengthen communication with public area managers in the future to ensure that managers can better participate in equipment management. At the same time, increase training efforts, so that more professionals can assist the public to use AED equipment. "
