Recently, high temperature warnings have been issued continuously in many parts of the country, and the highest temperature in some areas exceeds 40 C. Experts suggest that continuous high temperature weather will bring health risks to some key people, and these people should strengthen health protection and scientifically prevent heatstroke.
The "Guidelines for Public Health Protection of High Temperature and Heat Wave" previously issued by the National Bureau for Disease Control and Prevention pointed out that there are three main categories of key people for health protection of high temperature and heat wave. The first category is sensitive people, such as children, pregnant women and the elderly; The second category is patients with chronic basic diseases, such as circulatory system diseases, respiratory system diseases, mental and behavioral disorders, kidney diseases and diabetes; The third category is outdoor workers, such as farmers, construction workers, sanitation workers, couriers and other personnel.
"Heatstroke is divided into four stages: threatened heatstroke, mild heatstroke, moderate heatstroke and severe heatstroke." Chi Cheng, deputy director of the emergency department of Peking University People’s Hospital, said that the main manifestations of threatened heatstroke are dizziness, fatigue, sweating, thirst and inattention. After that, the body temperature increased and fever appeared, but there was no change of consciousness, so it entered the stage of mild heatstroke. Without intervention, the body temperature will continue to rise, reaching a high fever of 40℃ to 42℃, accompanied by limb convulsions and disturbance of consciousness, and it will enter the stage of moderate heatstroke and severe heatstroke. The most serious heatstroke is severe heatstroke, that is, heatstroke, which is usually complicated with multiple organ failure.
Chi Cheng reminded that people who work and exercise in high temperature and high humidity environment for a long time, the elderly, children, pregnant women and other people with poor health are more prone to heatstroke, and these people should pay special attention.
How to prevent heatstroke in key populations? The National Bureau of Disease Control and Prevention reminds that key people should avoid living and working in high temperature and high humidity environment for a long time, have a light diet, pay attention to hydrating and combine work and rest. For sensitive people such as children and pregnant women, children who play outdoors are encouraged to stay in the shade as much as possible, and pregnant women and the elderly are encouraged to stay in the cool room as much as possible. For patients with chronic basic diseases, take the initiative, drink plenty of water, and don’t feel thirsty before drinking water. If you need to take diuretics due to illness, ask your doctor for a reasonable amount of water in time. For outdoor workers, it is necessary to arrange outdoor work time reasonably to prevent occupational heatstroke, and outdoor workers should regularly carry out routine occupational health examination and emergency occupational health examination before and during their posts.
What should I do if the key people get heatstroke? Experts suggest that when the symptoms of heatstroke appear, the patient should be moved to a cool and ventilated place, the sleeves and neckline of the patient should be untied, and the skin of the patient’s limbs should be wiped with a cool towel, or the patient’s forehead, armpits, thigh roots and other parts should be iced with an ice pack to speed up the cooling, and the temperature of the environment should be reduced with fans and air conditioners. If the patient is conscious, assist the patient to drink more water to replenish water, preferably a drink containing salt. Once the patient has serious symptoms such as disturbance of consciousness, coma, respiratory and circulatory failure, he should call 120 immediately and seek medical treatment in time.