标签： 新上海sh419

In the last month, the scene of tourists weaving on Canton Road in Hong Kong, where luxury shops gather, is no longer there.

There are no long queues in front of DIOR, GUCCI and CHANEL along the street. In the makeup area with the most crowded people in the high-end shopping mall Harbour City, the aisle that has always been crowded is rarely spacious. In Lane Crawford, only a few customers are scattered in the dense shelves.

Luxury shop assistants, who are usually very busy, are idle. Their eyes follow every passer-by, and after the guests enter the store, they follow closely and introduce each product.

Cabinets and sisters in the makeup area of Harbour City usually only care about getting goods and quotations, but now they are free to attract guests. The cabinet brother of Hermes perfume leaned hard and stuffed the test paper into the hands of passers-by

"There have been fewer guests recently, because there are fewer tourists." Coach clerk of Guangdong Road said to the interface fashion. The clerk of SAINT LAURENT in Harbour City said: "The business is average recently, so the goods will be all."

In contrast, the stores of popular brands such as LV, GUCCI and DIOR are still crowded, and the clerk said that business has been good. "But there was a long queue before, and now there is no need to queue up." GUCCI clerk said.

A pair of tourists’ mother and daughter told the interface fashion that they couldn’t get thoughtful service when shopping in Hong Kong in the past, and too many people also affected the experience. Now they can choose slowly. But for safety reasons, the original five-day tour has been compressed to three days.

The decrease in the number of tourists on Canton Road has something to do with the demonstrations that have lasted for more than two months in Hong Kong.

Yao Sirong, a member of the tourism industry of the Hong Kong Legislative Council, once said that the number of inbound tourists in Hong Kong changed from an increase in June to a decline in July due to demonstrations.

The situation in August was even more severe. The number of inbound tourists in Hong Kong dropped by 30% in the first two weeks of that month, and further dropped by 40% in the third week. This directly led to the price and occupancy rate of hotels in Hong Kong diving again and again. Last August, the occupancy rate was still 90%, and this year it fell to 50%. Many hotels had to cut their prices by half.

As of mid-August, 28 countries have issued different levels of Hong Kong tourism risk warnings. Under the heavy blow of tourism, the retail industry is also chilling.

Luxury brands in Hong Kong have been negatively affected since the beginning of the incident, and brands such as Tiffany and Hermes even went out of business for a short time. These factors have been written into the recent financial reports of major luxury goods companies.

Tiffany’s 2019 semi-annual report mentioned that in the second quarter, sales in mainland China rose by 25% year-on-year, while sales in Hong Kong recorded a double-digit decline. During this period, Hong Kong stores were closed for six days.

"(The situation in Hong Kong) has certainly done great harm to our sales. Compared with last year, our sales in Hong Kong have dropped sharply," Alessandro Bogliolo, CEO of Tiffany, said in an interview with Women’s Daily. "Except for the six days (when the store was closed), you can imagine that the other time in the second quarter is not the best time for shopping."

Mark Erceg, chief financial officer of Tiffany, warned in a conference call with analysts that if the situation in Hong Kong continues to deteriorate, the annual sales and earnings per share will even be lower than the company’s minimum expectations.

Prada still maintained a positive growth trend in the mainland market in the first half of 2019, but the overall revenue of Greater China fell by 5%, which was said in the financial report to be affected by social problems in Hong Kong.

The growth rate of kering, the parent company of GUCCI, declined in Hong Kong in the first half of the year, and the performance of Macau market also declined. According to the financial report of the group, there are two reasons for the decline in growth rate in these areas. Previously, the higher growth rate led to a high comparative base, and more importantly, the demonstrations in Hong Kong at the end of the second quarter affected business activities.

LVMH and Hermes seem to be less affected.

LVMH generally mentioned in the financial report for the first half of 2019 that DFS, a global duty-free shop under the Group, grew strongly in the Hong Kong and Macau markets, but its growth rate declined in recent months.

Hermes said that although some Hong Kong stores have experienced short-term closures, the solid customer base and huge market demand in the local market offset the losses caused by the short-term closures.

However, the demonstrations in Hong Kong became more intensive in August and September, and the normal operation of the Hong Kong International Airport was affected several times. Tourists became more cautious about traveling to Hong Kong, and the sales transcripts of luxury brands in Hong Kong in the third quarter of this year may be even worse.

Considering the current situation in Hong Kong, CHANEL announced on September 6th that it would postpone the launch of the 2019/20 early spring holiday series scheduled for November in Hong Kong.

As a barometer of luxury retail in Hong Kong, the cold and cheerless atmosphere of Guangdong Road and Harbour City once again sounded the alarm that Hong Kong had lost its shopping paradise.

In the first half of 2019, the retail sales of shopping malls in Harbour City fell by 1% to HK$ 18.497 billion. The operating profit of Times Square, another high-end shopping mall under the parent company Wharf Real Estate, also declined. As a result, the overall performance of Wharf Property was very reluctant, and its net profit decreased by 31% to HK$ 6.989 billion. The financial report said: "Demand and market conditions have weakened significantly since the beginning of the year, and the situation has become more and more severe."

Judging from the overall situation of the Hong Kong market, the retail sales of luxury goods also declined the most.

According to the data of Hong Kong Retail Management Association, the total retail sales value of Hong Kong in June fell by 6.7% year-on-year to 35.2 billion yuan, which is the fifth consecutive month of decline. Among them, the retail sales of jewelry, watches and luxury goods fell more than other categories, reaching 17.1%.

This means that it is more and more difficult for luxury goods to grow in Hong Kong.

Hong Kong’s luxury retail industry once relied on the rise of mainland tourists.

Take Harbour City, the largest high-end shopping mall in Hong Kong and the most profitable shopping mall in Asia, for example. In the ten years since 2007, thanks to the influx of mainland tourists, its sales grew at a compound annual growth rate of more than 10%, and in 2018 it reached an astonishing 24%. In 2018, the sales of Harbour City exceeded HK$ 37 billion, with an average of HK$ 100 million per day.

Looking back, the strategic position of this city in Asia has been prominent since the beginning of the 21st century.

In July 2003, the first phase of free travel for mainland residents in Hong Kong was implemented. Prior to this, there were only about 7 million tourists visiting Hong Kong last year. After the popularization of the free travel policy, this number jumped to about 45 million in ten years. During the same period, retail sales in Hong Kong soared by 184% to over HK$ 162 billion.

At that time, most luxury brands had not been widely and deeply laid out in mainland China. Hong Kong, which is tax-free, close to home, and has many famous brands, has become the best choice for mainland tourists to travel abroad and buy overseas brands in those years.

CB Richard Ellis, a commercial real estate information provider, once pointed out in "The Process of Retail Globalization" published in 2012 that Hong Kong is the hottest retail market and luxury market in the world, and its new brand presence ranks first in the world, attracting 86% of the high-end retailers interviewed.

Lian Zhihao, then a senior director of CB Richard Ellis’ store service department, said in the report: "Hong Kong’s ranking reflects its importance to luxury brands, largely because mainland visitors to Hong Kong have a continuous demand for high-end goods, and they hope to enjoy the price difference when buying luxury goods in the Hong Kong market."

Luxury brands therefore pay special attention to Hong Kong’s data in their financial reports.

Take LVMH Group as an example. In its 2015 financial report, the Hong Kong dollar was listed separately in the part showing the sales situation according to the currency proportion. In that year, sales in Hong Kong alone reached 7% of LVMH’s global sales.

When the performance of Hong Kong declines, luxury goods groups often take it out for evaluation. For example, Richemont Group said in its 2015 financial report that there were no signs of recovery in Hong Kong and Macao in the first month of the new fiscal year. Based on this, it is predicted that sales in the Asia-Pacific region may continue to be sluggish; LVMH Group also pointed out in its 2018 financial report that although the sales of Sephora’s selected retail department increased by 6% to 13.646 billion euros during the period, it could record a 12% increase if DFS’s one-time loss in terminating the franchise of Hong Kong Airport was not included.

The impact of Hong Kong’s performance on performance can be seen. Even now, going to Hong Kong is no longer the only option for mainland tourists to buy luxury goods.

PricewaterhouseCoopers pointed out at the beginning of this year that although large-scale infrastructure projects such as the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge and the Guangzhou-Shenzhen-Hong Kong High-speed Railway have helped to drive the number of mainland tourists, with the gradual change of consumption patterns of mainland tourists, the increase in the number of tourists has limited impact on Hong Kong’s total retail sales.

At the same time, the change of consumption pattern has promoted the return of luxury consumption in the mainland.

From 2015 to 2018, the proportion of luxury consumption in China increased from 23% to 27%, and this trend may continue with the blessing of relevant policies.

For example, in 2018, the government lowered import tariffs, and strengthened control over the grey markets such as Daigou and Wechat business, and brands such as Louis Vuitton, Hermes and Burberry all lowered their product prices in China accordingly. On January 1, 2019, the Electronic Commerce Law, Daigou and Wechat business began to walk on thin ice.

On the other hand, it is the rise of luxury online channels. According to Bain data, online sales of luxury goods increased by 27% in 2018, accounting for 10% of total omni-channel sales.

With luxury brands actively laying online channels, the strategy of adjusting prices and narrowing price differences in the global market is also advancing simultaneously. This has made China consumers more willing to buy luxury goods in the mainland.

Kobayashi still remembers that he bought a scarf in a Burberry flagship store in Hong Kong last year. Later, it was discovered that the price converted into RMB was even more expensive than that of Burberry Tmall’s store in 200 yuan. This is the first time that she feels that the price advantage of Hong Kong is no longer there.

Hong Kong’s own factors have also led to the decline of its position in the luxury market.

High rents may "dissuade" more and more brands. Prada plans to close its store in Plaza 2000, Causeway Bay, Hong Kong in 2020. This store is the sixth and largest store opened by Prada in Hong Kong. The monthly rent reaches an astonishing HK$ 9 million, but the passenger flow can’t support this expensive price.

This may also prevent new overseas brands from entering Hong Kong and switching to the mainland market. Helen Mak, senior director and head of retail services of Knight Frank, a real estate consultancy, said that more and more overseas brands are coming to inquire about the retail situation in Hong Kong and hope that this trend will last for a long time. "Brands need more time to examine their expansion plans in the Hong Kong market."

In addition, with Shanghai’s avant-garde design strength and fashion market position becoming more and more prominent, the title of Hong Kong, once the fashion capital of Asia, began to fade. Brands are more willing to put the key channels and marketing layout on the "new portals" in the mainland such as Shanghai and Beijing, and there are fewer opportunities in Hong Kong.

However, at present, Hong Kong still has many irreplaceable market advantages.

All along, Hong Kong’s internationalization and management level make it regarded as the strategic center of China fashion market in the traditional sense. Today, it is still the preferred base for many fashion brands and groups in Greater China.

Having sufficient international brands has also become one of the important reasons why Hong Kong attracts cross-border e-commerce. In addition, as an international free trade port, Hong Kong has higher cost and flexibility in taxation and warehousing. These unique advantages will attract more cross-border e-commerce traffic and build a higher reputation for Hong Kong, which will become another way out for the future transformation of Hong Kong’s retail industry.

More importantly, Hong Kong’s position in the international financial community is still solid and cannot be ignored by the capital market.

Therefore, many luxury brands are willing to continue to invest in the Hong Kong market for a long time and remain optimistic about the prospects here.

Axel Dumas, CEO of Hermes, once said: "We have been in Hong Kong for a long time and are optimistic about the Hong Kong market."

Although Tiffany was greatly affected by the negative impact in the second quarter, it steadily implemented the next planning. We are going to transform the mini-shop in Hong Kong Airport into a larger duty-free shop, and open a flagship store with Tiffany Blue Box Café on Beijing Road.

For DFS under LVMH Group, Hong Kong has always been the main market. In the second half of this year, after the renovation of T Gallerias store in Hong Kong, it is expected to bring greater benefits to DFS, and a new store in Mong Kok is also under preparation. Sephora, a cosmetics retailer under the group, will also settle in Hong Kong this year.

The Italian brand Golden Goose Deluxe Brand (hereinafter referred to as Golden Goose) is even more ambitious for the Hong Kong market. In early September, it opened a customized laboratory concept store in K11 MUSEA, a new project of K11 Group in Tsim Sha Tsui, and plans to open two more stores in Hong Kong this year.

Silvio Campara, CEO of Golden Goose, said in an interview with Women’s Daily: "I can’t tell you that [Hong Kong stores] are doing well now, but the slowdown in store sales will only last for a short time. Trust these consumers in this city, keep the stores open and keep the business going. You must be optimistic. "

Only after this ups and downs, the retail industry in Hong Kong, including luxury goods, needs to realize that with the changes in all walks of life and different market conditions, the global market will usher in a multi-center era, and no one’s position will remain unchanged. This is also an opportunity to urge the reform and upgrading of Hong Kong’s retail industry.

Take London, which is similar to Hong Kong’s retail industry, as an example. Under the influence of the Brexit issue and the economic recession, the vacancy rate of shops in the UK has been rising every quarter since January 2018.

The busiest shopping street in Europe — — As a result, Oxford Street in London is in a difficult period. The once crowded House of Fraser and Debenhams department stores are sparsely populated, while H&M and Zara begin to scale down and renovate. Throughout August, only Selfridges’ performance continued to grow.

Online shopping is the main reason for the impact on the traditional British retail industry, which urges the property owners in Oxford Street to transform the shopping environment and add more leisure and catering brands.

Cartography: Wang Zheping

　　It is of great significance to maintain a social environment that is peaceful for the country and the people. The level of social governance concerns the vital interests of the masses and social harmony and stability. To maintain the social environment of national prosperity and security, we must continuously improve the efficiency of social governance.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, China’s social construction has been comprehensively strengthened, people’s lives have been comprehensively improved, and the level of socialization, rule of law, intelligence and specialization of social governance has been greatly improved, which has developed a good situation of people living and working in peace and contentment and social stability and order, and continued to write a miracle of long-term social stability. China is one of the countries with the lowest homicide rate, the lowest criminal rate and the least gun explosion crime in the world. In 2020, the total number of criminal cases filed nationwide will drop for five years, and the number of eight major criminal cases and public security cases will drop for six years. We should focus on maintaining political security, social stability and people’s peace, adhere to the expectations of the masses, strengthen and innovate social governance, grasp the key links that affect the improvement of social governance efficiency, unite the joint efforts to maintain social harmony and stability, make the "China Governance" more complete, and make the people’s sense of well-being, happiness and security more substantial, secure and sustainable.

　　Prevent and resolve all kinds of risks. Today, the world is experiencing a great change that has never happened in a hundred years. China is in a critical period to realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Social risks are prone to occur frequently, with rapid diffusion and great difficulty in prevention and control. We must adhere to the overall national security concept, adhere to the bottom line thinking, enhance the sense of urgency, effectively enhance the ability to control risks, and strive to prevent and resolve various risks in the field of social governance. Strengthen social risk supervision, clarify the responsibility chain, and improve the performance of responsibility. For regulatory matters involving multiple departments, which are difficult to manage and have outstanding potential risks, we will establish and improve an inter-departmental comprehensive regulatory system, and improve a collaborative regulatory mechanism that performs its own duties, performs its own duties, cooperates with each other, and works together. Focus on the supervision of key areas directly related to people’s life and property safety, public safety, and high potential risks and social risks to prevent and resolve major risks. In view of the different characteristics and actual conditions of cities and villages, we should adhere to source governance, systematic governance, legal governance and comprehensive governance, and improve the system and mechanism for effectively preventing and resolving social risks according to law.

　　Safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the masses. Only when the society is harmonious, stable and full of vitality can the people live and work in peace and contentment and feel comfortable. We should profoundly grasp the changes in major social contradictions in our country, actively adapt to the people’s yearning for a better life, further promote the construction of a peaceful China at a higher level, and create a new miracle of long-term social stability. Guided by people’s expectations, we will effectively protect people’s personal rights, property rights and personality rights, solve the problem of people’s urgent difficulties and worries, severely crack down on illegal crimes that seriously endanger people’s lives and property safety according to law, comprehensively improve the level and level of safeguarding people’s peace and safeguarding people’s rights and interests, and make the construction of a higher level of peaceful China more visible, tangible and tangible. Contradictions among the people should be handled by the rule of law, democracy and consultation. We will build a social governance pattern of co-construction, co-governance and sharing, improve the social governance system of party Committee leadership, government responsibility, social coordination, public participation and rule of law, and make social governance more effective and more fair to all people.

　　Improve the level of legal protection. The rule of law is an important symbol of the modernization of social governance and plays an important role in ensuring the efficiency of social governance. We should be good at using the rule of law to promote social governance and solve governance problems by using the rule of law. Strengthen the construction of social governance system, promote the institutionalization, standardization and proceduralization of social governance, rely on the rule of law to maintain social order, solve social problems, coordinate interest relations, promote the development of social undertakings, and comprehensively improve the level of rule of law in social governance. We will promote multi-level and multi-field governance according to law, give play to the positive role of social norms such as citizens’ conventions, village rules and regulations, industry rules and group articles of association in social governance, stimulate the vitality of social organizations in participating in social affairs and safeguarding public interests, and promote a vibrant and harmonious society. Cultivate the rule of law environment in which the whole society acts according to law, finds ways to solve problems, and resolves contradictions by relying on the law, enhance the awareness of the rule of law in the whole society, guide members of society to consciously develop the habit of exercising rights and resolving disputes on the track of the rule of law, strive to make following the law become the conscious action of all citizens, and continuously improve the level of legal protection in social governance.

　　(The author is a professor at Zhongnan University of Economics and Law)

　　People’s Daily (January 5, 2022, 09 edition)

No.436

The Regulations on Armed Forces Participating in Emergency Rescue and Disaster Relief are hereby promulgated and shall come into force as of July 1, 2005.

country affair courtyard total Li Wen Jiabao

Hu Jintao, Chairman of the Central Military Commission

June 7, 2005

Regulations on military participation in emergency rescue and disaster relief

the first　In order to give full play to the role of China People’s Liberation Army (hereinafter referred to as the Army) in emergency rescue and disaster relief, and protect people’s lives and property safety, these Regulations are formulated in accordance with the provisions of the National Defense Law.

the second　The army is an assault force for emergency rescue and disaster relief, and it is an important mission of the army to carry out the emergency rescue and disaster relief tasks entrusted by the state.

People’s governments at all levels and military organs shall, in accordance with the provisions of these regulations, do a good job in the organization, command, coordination and guarantee of the army’s participation in emergency rescue and disaster relief.

Article　The army participates in emergency rescue and disaster relief and mainly undertakes the following tasks:

(a) rescue, transfer or evacuation of trapped people;

(two) to protect the safety of important targets;

(3) Rescuing and transporting important materials;

(four) to participate in road (bridge, tunnel) emergency repair, maritime search and rescue, nuclear and biochemical rescue, epidemic control, medical rescue and other professional rescue;

(five) to eliminate or control other critical situations and disasters.

When necessary, the army can assist local people’s governments in post-disaster reconstruction.

Article 4　If the rescue and disaster relief organized by the State Council needs the participation of the army, it shall be submitted by the relevant competent department of the State Council to the General Staff of the People’s Liberation Army of China, and the General Staff of the People’s Liberation Army of China shall handle it in accordance with the relevant regulations of the State Council and the Central Military Commission (CMC).

Where the rescue and disaster relief organized by the local people’s governments at or above the county level needs the participation of the army, it shall be proposed by the local people’s governments at or above the county level through the local military organs at the same level, which shall handle it in accordance with the relevant provisions of the State Council and the Central Military Commission (CMC).

In case of danger or emergency, the local people’s government may directly request assistance from the garrison, which shall immediately carry out assistance in accordance with the regulations and report to the superior; The garrison troops shall also immediately provide assistance in accordance with the provisions when they find emergency danger and disaster, and report to their superiors.

If it is necessary to use military aircraft (helicopters) and ships for emergency rescue and disaster relief, it shall be handled in accordance with relevant regulations.

Article 5　Where the relevant competent department of the State Council and the local people’s government at or above the county level propose that the army needs to participate in emergency rescue and disaster relief, it shall explain the type, time, region, degree of harm, measures already taken, and the troops and equipment needed.

Article 6　The emergency rescue and disaster relief headquarters established by the local people’s governments at or above the county level shall be attended by the heads of local military organs at the same level; If there are garrison troops in the local area, the responsible persons of the garrison troops shall also participate.

Article 7　The army’s participation in emergency rescue and disaster relief shall be carried out under the unified leadership of the people’s government, and the specific tasks shall be entrusted by the emergency rescue and disaster relief headquarters, and the army shall be responsible for commanding the emergency rescue and disaster relief operations of the army.

Article 8　The local people’s governments at or above the county level shall timely notify the local military organs of the information about the dangerous situation and disaster situation.

In places where dangerous situations and disasters often occur, the local people’s governments at or above the county level shall organize the military and civilian sides to conduct on-the-spot investigation, rescue and disaster relief exercises and training.

Article 9　The people’s armed forces departments of the provincial military region (garrison, garrison), military sub-region (garrison) and county (city, municipal district) shall keep abreast of the local information on dangerous situations and disasters, handle the emergency rescue and disaster relief matters proposed by the local people’s government, and do a good job in coordination between the people’s government and the troops performing emergency rescue and disaster relief tasks. The relevant military organs shall formulate plans for participating in emergency rescue and disaster relief and organize troops to carry out necessary emergency rescue and disaster relief training.

Article 10　When the army participates in emergency rescue and disaster relief, the local people’s government shall provide necessary equipment, materials, equipment and other guarantees, and send professional and technical personnel to guide the army’s emergency rescue and disaster relief operations; Railway, transportation, civil aviation, public security, telecommunications, postal services, finance and other departments and institutions shall provide priority and convenient services for troops performing emergency rescue and disaster relief tasks.

The fuel needed by the army to carry out the emergency rescue and disaster relief mission shall be jointly organized and guaranteed by the troops carrying out the emergency rescue and disaster relief mission and the local people’s government.

Article 11　If the army needs to use combat reserve materials and equipment to participate in emergency rescue and disaster relief, it must be reported for approval in accordance with regulations. Consumed troops carrying equipment and combat reserve materials and equipment should be replenished in time.

Article 12　The people’s government at the place where the disaster occurred shall assist the troops performing emergency rescue and disaster relief tasks to do a good job in ensuring food, accommodation, water supply, power supply, heating, medical care, sanitation and disease prevention.

The local people’s government and the troops carrying out emergency rescue and disaster relief tasks shall notify each other of the epidemic situation and jointly do a good job in health and epidemic prevention.

Article 13　The expenses incurred by the army in participating in the emergency rescue and disaster relief organized by the State Council shall be borne by the central finance. The expenses incurred by the army in participating in the emergency rescue and disaster relief organized by the local people’s government shall be borne by the local finance.

The expenses mentioned in the preceding paragraph include: expenses for purchasing special materials and equipment, expenses for command and communication, equipment maintenance, fuel, transportation, etc., expenses for supplementary consumption of carrying equipment and operational reserve materials, and subsidies for personnel’s life and medical care.

After the completion of the emergency rescue and disaster relief task, the relevant departments of the army shall timely make statistics on the expenses incurred by the army in carrying out the emergency rescue and disaster relief task and report them to the emergency rescue and disaster relief headquarters for review.

Article 14　The relevant departments in charge of the State Council and the local people’s governments at or above the county level shall reserve special equipment, materials and equipment for emergency rescue and disaster relief in areas where dangerous situations and disasters occur frequently or are listed as key monitoring and prevention of disasters, so as to ensure the needs of emergency rescue and disaster relief.

Article 15　The publicity and reporting of the army’s participation in major emergency rescue and disaster relief operations shall be organized and implemented by the relevant competent departments of the state and the army. News organizations shall abide by the relevant provisions of the state and the army when covering and reporting the participation of the army in emergency rescue and disaster relief operations.

Article 16　Military units and individuals who have made outstanding contributions in the implementation of emergency rescue and disaster relief tasks shall be rewarded in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state and the army; Persons who are killed or disabled shall be given preferential pensions in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state.

Article 17　The Chinese People’s Armed Police Force shall participate in emergency rescue and disaster relief with reference to these Regulations.

Article 18　These Regulations shall come into force as of July 1, 2005.

Time goes back to more than 2200 years ago, at the foot of Mount Li in the Qin Dynasty.

Hundreds of thousands of craftsmen, like surging ant colonies, are busy with the huge Mausoleum project. Among the crowd, there is a young man, sweating like a pig, stirring water and loess with his hands, making a group of palace figurines by hand …

This magnificent scene was described by Sima Qian in Historical Records-"The world sent more than 700,000 people to wear three springs, and the copper was poured down … With mercury as a hundred rivers and seas, the machine was instilled, with astronomy on the top and geography on the bottom …"

Among more than 700,000 craftsmen, teenagers are very humble. People from Zhao and Chu? The place of origin is unknown.

After the completion, in order to cover up the truth of the Mausoleum, he failed to escape the fate of being killed. But his works and fingerprints "signature" were left behind, and were finally discovered by today’s archaeologists …

On June 11th, the Cultural and Natural Heritage Day, the Mausoleum Museum of the First Qin Emperor announced the "No.28 figurine" in the hundred-play figurine pit of the Qin Mausoleum for the first time, which attracted a lot of attention and quickly became popular on the Internet.

The 28 th figurine, which has attracted much attention, is called "supine figurine" by archaeologists because of its unique posture.

Many netizens joked, "Is it practicing yoga?"

Khan Lee, director of the Mausoleum Museum of the First Emperor of Qin Dynasty, said, "It belongs to the hundred-play figurines, showing the image of the hundred-play figures in the court of Qin Dynasty. What is special about this figurine is its posture, which may be similar to that of a carp, or it may lean over and lean back. "

Little known is that today, more than 2,200 years later, when it reappeared, there were only 72 pieces and 12 bags of debris, with no head, no hands and lost right leg.

It is quite different from the Terracotta Warriors and Horses. It is speculated by academic circles that these terracotta warriors and horses are hundred-drama warriors and horses that provide hundreds of performances for the court of Qin Dynasty, so the burial pit is tentatively named "Hundred-drama Warrior Pit".

After more than 9 months, the restored figurine is 154 cm long and weighs 101.4 kg. Because of the long time, its body color has been broken and transformed.

Hangzhou criminal investigation expert:

Fingerprints are more in line with the characteristics of young people

"According to Zhou Ping, vice president of the Mausoleum Museum of the First Qin Emperor, three continuous fingerprint marks were found on the painted surface of the abdomen during the protection and restoration of the supine figurines. Experts from dactylography, a professional appraisal institution, collected data and made professional analysis on three fingerprints. After comparison, these three fingerprints are highly similar to those of teenagers, and the craftsman of this pottery figurine should be a teenager. " -According to Xinhua News Agency,

Why can you tell your age from fingerprints?

This fingerprint also aroused the interest of criminal investigation experts of Hangzhou Public Security Bureau.

Police officer Shi Taoning is a senior expert in fingerprint inspection and identification. After carefully studying the fingerprint photos of "supine figurines", he told reporters that "the conclusion of the cultural protection department should be comprehensively judged according to the fingerprint shape, including the overall shape and details."

"If it were me, I would judge from this aspect: a person’s fingerprint is called a ridge, and a furrow is called between two stripe lines. The fingerprints found by Qin terracotta warriors, this furrow is still quite obvious.

"The gap between lines and furrows of young people is relatively large, and the gap between heights of older people is relatively small. Young people are relatively full and elastic, and it is easier to leave obvious details. However, for older people, with the loss of body water, the skin is cracked and shriveled, and the skin friction is damaged after labor, so the lines will not be so clear.

"Found on the terracotta warriors this time, it should be a three-dimensional fingerprint. The furrows and ridges of the fingerprint have a proper width ratio, which shows that they have not been excessively squeezed, which is more in line with the characteristics of young people. Combining these characteristics of fingerprints, we can judge the approximate age.

"Fingerprints are this rule with age, but fingerprint features are basically unchanged for life, except for injuries or big wear and tear. From the morphological analysis alone, it is more in line with the characteristics of young people.

"In addition, considering the average life expectancy of the people in the Qin Dynasty and the fact that they were engaged in manual labor, it makes sense to analyze whether it is left over by young people."

Fingerprints have been found on Qin terracotta warriors many times.

In fact, such mysterious fingerprints have been found on Qin terracotta warriors many times.

Ma Yu, a cultural relic restorer in the Mausoleum Museum of the First Qin Emperor, has participated in the restoration of horse figurines at various stages.

When cleaning a piece of pottery, he found many fingerprints on the piece of pottery, so he used silicone rubber to turn over the mold and take photos to save them.

He said, "This is a dialogue between us and the ancients."

Zhao Zhen, a cultural relic photographer in the Mausoleum Museum of the First Qin Emperor, once photographed nearly 8,000 terracotta warriors and horses. Speaking of finding the craftsman’s fingerprints on the face of the Terracotta Warriors, he was so excited that he choked.

"Clapping one day, I looked up and saw fingerprints on the face of a statue of terracotta warriors and horses, which were left by craftsmen who made terracotta warriors and horses more than 2200 years ago!

"When I saw that scene, time had disappeared, in the same place, he had just left, and I stepped on his footprints …"

The oldest fingerprints come from more than 7000 years ago.

Maybe it was left by a little girl.

The earliest fingerprint found on cultural relics is Yangshao culture more than 7000 years ago, which may have been left by a little girl.

On October 31, 2018, Yang Shuanchao, a researcher at Yangshao Culture Research Center of China Academy of Social Sciences and deputy director of Yangshao Culture Museum in Mianchi County, suddenly noticed a pottery jar fragment in the pit near the ash pit of the site. There is a complete and clear fingerprint on the round and delicate ear of the pottery jar.

The fingerprint experts in the criminal investigation department studied the fingerprints on the fragments: this fingerprint is not only clear, but also very slim. Judging from the size and grain depth, its owner should be a little girl.

The size and weight of the pottery jar itself are not too big, so it is very possible to finish it by a little girl.

In the primitive society with extremely underdeveloped productive forces, every labor force is very precious.

Cultural protection experts infer that in the age of eating and drinking blood, our ancestors took part in labor when they were children.

In addition, experts also found a problem: there are a lot of sweat holes in the fingerprint left by the little girl, and the number of sweat holes in animals depends entirely on the individual’s exercise. Therefore, it is judged that the little girl is engaged in a huge amount of labor and her body is always in a state of exhaustion.

Police officer Shi Taoning believes that it is actually very difficult to judge the sex of men and women from fingerprints.

"Generally speaking, male lines are thicker than female lines, but they are not absolute.

"In fact, the age of fingerprint speculation is itself based on the universal characteristics of high probability of fingerprint morphology, and it is not 100% accurate. To make an analytical conclusion, we must also make a comprehensive judgment based on multiple information of the actual situation. "

As for "Yangshao Fingerprint", Liu Pingping, a famous fingerprint scientist and deputy director of the Fingerprint Inspection Committee of China Criminal Science Association, believes that "fingerprints and fingerprints have been widely used in this era (Yangshao culture), and’ beauty by finger’ has become a fashion, and’ faith by finger’ has dawned, which has opened a precedent for human fingerprint application."

Like the little girl in Yangshao more than 7,000 years ago, the teenagers at the foot of Lishan Mountain more than 2,000 years ago had the same humble and short fate, and were not even qualified to leave their names on their works.

"Inadvertently", he quietly pressed three fingers on the terracotta warriors.

Follow the finger as the letter! After more than 2,000 years, I implicitly told people today, "I have been here …"

What clothes are the hundred-play figurines wearing?

Hangzhou has produced the latest research results.

At present, the Mausoleum Museum of the First Qin Emperor is cooperating with the China Silk Museum to study the costume restoration of No.4 Baixi figurines in Baixi Pit.

On June 22nd, at the Silk Road Cultural Protection Science and Technology Forum held in Hangzhou, Zhou Yang, deputy director of the China Silk Museum, showed the latest achievements in the research on the restoration of the costumes of hundreds of opera figurines in the Qin Dynasty-purple brocade fabric with black octagonal patterns and yellow dots …

Museum experts who participated in the restoration project told reporters that this hundred-play figurine to be restored has rich clothing patterns, including at least three patterns: geometric pattern, octagonal star pattern and cloud pattern.

Restoring Decorations of No.4 Servant of Baixi Figurines

More than 2,200 years ago, the "hundred operas" artists of the Qin Dynasty, such as the "supine figurines", probably wore such clothes and performed acrobatics and dances for Qin Shihuang and other officials …

Original title: "Clear fingerprints found more than 2,000 years ago on the" supine figurines "of Qin Shihuang Mausoleum! Hangzhou criminal investigation expert analysis: how to judge that the manufacturer is a young craftsman from fingerprints? 》

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　　CCTV News:The State Council held a press conference on the operation of the national economy in July 2023. Fu Linghui, spokesperson of the National Bureau of Statistics and director of the National Economic Statistics Department, introduced at the meeting that in July, the total import and export of goods was 3,456.3 billion yuan, down 8.3% year-on-year. Among them, exports were 2,016 billion yuan, down 9.2%; Imports reached 1,440.3 billion yuan, down 6.9%. Import and export balance, with a trade surplus of 575.7 billion yuan. From January to July, the total import and export volume of goods was 23,552.1 billion yuan, up 0.4% year-on-year. Among them, exports were 13,472.8 billion yuan, an increase of 1.5%; Imports were 1,079.3 billion yuan, down 1.1%. From January to July, the import and export of general trade increased by 2.1% year-on-year, accounting for 65.4% of the total import and export, an increase of 1.1 percentage points over the same period of last year. The import and export of private enterprises increased by 6.7%, accounting for 52.9% of the total import and export, an increase of 3.1 percentage points over the same period of last year. The export of mechanical and electrical products increased by 4.4%, accounting for 58.1% of the total export.

　　The 1134 words of "One Piece" were made public. After Luffy and others joined us, they met Sauro. Lilith has brought the clone of Bergabonk, so it seems that Bergabonk will really be "resurrected". On the other side, Loki is talking to someone on the phone. Suddenly, a black lightning struck the castle in the village, and a magic circle appeared in the throne room. From the magic circle, two people kneeling on the ground in black cloaks appeared, and the invaders appeared.

　　1134 words of One Piece:

　　At the beginning of this speech, Luffy formally expressed his gratitude to Sauro, because he had been protecting Robin and at the same time extended his hand to say hello to Sauro.

　　Luffy: "Uncle Sauro! ! My partner is in your care! Thank you very much! ! Please let me introduce myself! ！”

　　Luffy used a gangster tone, which surprised everyone because they had no idea where Luffy learned these words.

　　Robin (interrupting Luffy): "This is Luffy."

　　Sauro: "Come on, hee hee! I know! ! Luffy is a big celebrity! !

　　Robin! You finally found it, your good friends! ! "

　　Robin: Yes, they are partners who can protect people like me! ！”

　　Except Luffy, Sauron and Jinbe, all the members of the straw hat gang were moved to tears again, thinking that they must protect Robin forever. Sauro thanked everyone for protecting Robin.

　　Lilith introduced herself to Sauro as a Bergabonk (she came here on a "fog boat" with Bonnie, Gertz and a group of straw hats). Then Lilith asked Jinbe to take out a mechanical box from the "fog boat", which she had brought from Egg Head Island (Geertz helped Jinbe carry it out). There is a label with the word "Vega" on the box.

　　Jinbe: "We took it out of Egg Head Island according to Bergabonk’s instructions. What’s inside? "

　　Lilith: "It’s me! ！”

　　Luffy (shocked): "A clone of Bergabonk? ！”

　　Lilith: "That’s right. Unlike us doppelgangers, this is a completely copied ontology! !

　　This Bergabonk is the one who visited Erbaf 20 years ago! !

　　If the "ontology" was found to have disappeared from the research institute for several months before, the government would naturally be suspicious, right?

　　We successfully brought him out by putting him in nutrient solution, but we lack the machinery to take him out of the box safely! ! "

　　Lilith said that she would stay in Arbaf, build a new research institute, use this clone to revive Bergabonk, and also help treat the bear. Glacia was very excited when he heard this.

　　The giants will take straw hats to visit the school, while Robin, Sauro, Qiao Ba, Lilith and Bonnie will go to the Owl Library. In appearance, the school building is very similar to the "Owl Library".