标签： 上海阿拉后花园论坛

The End of Chinese Imperial Examination System

　

Announcer: Shi Yibo

The imperial examination system is an important system for selecting talents in China feudal society. It was founded in the seventh year of Emperor Wen of Sui Dynasty (AD 587) and abolished in the thirty-first year of Guangxu of Qing Dynasty (AD 1905), which lasted for more than 1,300 years. The last two examinations of China’s imperial examination system were held on our campus (at that time, our campus was the seat of Henan Gongyuan). Once in the 29th year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty (AD 1903) and once in the 30th year of Guangxu (AD 1904). After that, the imperial examination system was abolished. Therefore, our campus has become the end of China’s imperial examination system.

The main examinations in the imperial examination system are the provincial examination and the general examination (of course, palace examination is also very important). And these exams are regular (except for Enke). In the first year of Shunzhi (A.D. 1644), it was stipulated that: "Take the rural examination in the year of meridian and Mao Younian, and the examination will be held in the year of Chen Xuchou." After having obtained the provincial examination, we will try in August, February and palace examination in March. However, in the tenth year of Qianlong (AD 1745), it was changed to March and April in palace examination, so it was permanent. After having obtained the provincial examination, it will be held in the capital, and palace examination will be held in the palace.

What is the "Meridian Year"? What does it mean to be "ugly and ugly"? There may be many people who are still unclear, so I need to make a brief explanation here.

Today, we use the Gregorian calendar, while in ancient China, we used the trunk and branch calendars. "Gan" means "Tiangan", that is, A, B, C, D, E, Ji, G, Xin, Ren and Gui, also called "Ten Gan". "Zhi" is the floorboard of "earthly branches", that is, Zi, Ugly, Yin, Mao, Chen, Si, Wu, Wei, Shen, You, Xu and Hai, also called "Twelve Branches". With the circulation of ten heavenly stems and twelve earthly branches, sixty groups can be formed, such as Jiazi, Yechou, Bingyin, Dingmao, Wuchen, Jisi, Gengwu, Xinwei, Renshen, Guiyou and Jiaxu, which are called "Sixty Flowers Jiazi" to indicate the order of year, month, day and time, and so on. The lunar calendar we use today is still based on the years of the cadres and branches.

Take the "Ziwu Maoyou Year after having obtained the provincial examination", that is, in the year when the words Zi, Wu, Mao and You appear, the provincial examination will be held. Take "Chen Xu ugly will be tested before the year", that is, in the year of the dry branch, whenever the words Chen Xu, Ugly and Not appear, the test will be held. Below, I will take the year related to our topic as an example to illustrate it. According to the chronology of cadres and branches, the 25th year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty (AD 1899) was the year of Ji Hai, the 26th year (AD 1900) was the year of Geng Zi, the 27th year was the year of Xin Chou, the 28th year was the year of Ren Yin, the 29th year (AD 1903) was the year of Gui Mao, the 30th year (AD 1904) was the year of Jia Chen, the 31st year was the year of Yi Si, and the 32nd year was the year. From this, we can know that the twenty-sixth year of Guangxu is the year of Gengzi and the twenty-ninth year is the year of Guimao, both of which are in the year of holding the township examination. Twenty-seven years of Guangxu is the year of sorrow and ugliness, and thirty years is the year of Jia Chen, both of which should be held. From this, we can see that the provincial examination and the general examination are held every three years.

Having said that, some people may ask the following questions:

1. As mentioned earlier, there were two examinations held in Kaifeng, one in the 29th year of Guangxu (Guimao year) and the other in the 30th year of Guangxu (Jiachen year), but the 29th year of Guangxu (Guimao year) was not the year of the examination. Why did you hold the examination in this year?

Second, the examination is held every three years. Why is it held continuously in the twenty-ninth and thirty years of Guangxu?

Third, the location of the test is in the capital, and Kaifeng was not the capital during the Qing Dynasty. Why were the last two tests held in Kaifeng?

To answer these three questions, we need to start with the domestic situation at that time.

Originally, the twenty-seventh year of Guangxu (AD 1901) was an ugly year, and an examination should be held. But a major incident happened in China, that is, Britain, Germany, France, Russia, the United States, Japan, Italy and Austria "Eight-Nation Alliance" launched a war of aggression against China. On July 20th, the 26th year of Guangxu (AD 1900), "Eight-Nation Alliance" invaded Beijing. At dawn on the 21st, Empress Dowager Cixi and Emperor Guangxu fled from Deshengmen in a panic amid the rumble of guns. At that time, Empress Dowager Cixi wore a blue summer dress and dressed as a country woman, and Emperor Guangxu also changed her clothes. Because the incident happened in a hurry, it was too late to prepare transportation and daily necessities. "The two palaces all took mule carts by the roadside, and the princes all stayed on foot." "The bedding was not enough, and the water was not imported." The situation was very embarrassing. Empress Dowager Cixi fled all the way through Huailai, Xuanhua, Datong, Taiyuan and other places, and finally settled down when she arrived in Xi ‘an on the fourth day of September. Empress Dowager Cixi and others lived in Xi ‘an for nearly a year. On July 25th, the 27th year of Guangxu (September 7th, 1901), foreign invaders forced the Qing government to sign the "Xin Chou Treaty" which humiliated the country. After that, Empress Dowager Cixi and others set off triumphantly to return to Beijing.

On August 24th, the 27th year of Guangxu, Empress Dowager Cixi waited for the bus to drive to Xi ‘an and arrived in Kaifeng on October 2nd. Lived in Kaifeng for more than a month. On November 5th, I left Biandu River and went north, and returned to Beijing on the 28th.

From the above, it can be seen that when the examination should be held in the twenty-seventh year of Guangxu (the year of Xin Chou), Empress Dowager Cixi and Emperor Guangxu were fleeing, and of course there was no time to take care of the examination in that year, and there was no condition at all. In order to make up for the failure to hold the examination of Xin Chou, the Qing government ordered the exhibition to be held in Guimao year on October 24, Guangxu 27, that is, the examination of Xin Chou was postponed to Guimao year (Guangxu 29). This is the reason why the year of Guimao is not the year of the examination, but the examination is held. At the same time, because Beijing Hiram’s Hospital was destroyed by the war at that time, the Qing government decided to "take the test in Guimao and transfer the right to Henan Hiram’s Hospital". The second year, that is, the 30th year of Guangxu (Jiachen, AD 1904), was a year of routine examination. In this way, the years of Guimao family and Jiachen family are linked together.

At this point, I think the three questions mentioned above should be answered.

Apart from the special situation that both the Guimao and Jiachen examinations were held in Henan Gongyuan, the appointment time of examiners was also very different from the previous ones. Traditionally, examiners are appointed three days before the start of the exam. And once appointed, immediately quarantined, even family members are not allowed to meet to prevent fraud. Specifically, there are three exams: the first one is from March 9 to 11, the second one is from December 12 to 14, and the third one is from 15th to 17th. This is customized. Therefore, examiners are generally appointed on March 6th. The appointment of examiners in Guimao and Jiachen departments is much earlier in time.

Let’s talk about the family Guimao first. In the 29th year of Guangxu (AD 1903), on the first day of February, that is, a month before the examination began, the Qing government appointed Sun Jianai, a university student, as the examiner, Xu Huifeng, the secretary of the Ministry of War, Rong Qing, the minister of punishments, and Zhang Yinglin, the right assistant minister of the official department, as the deputy examiner. At first glance, this seems incomprehensible. Is it necessary to appoint him so early, contrary to convention? Aren’t you afraid of fraud? But on second thought, it is completely reasonable to do so. Because the location of the exam is not in Beijing, but in Kaifeng, Henan, thousands of miles away. Due to the limitation of traffic conditions at that time, it took many days to travel from Beijing to Kaifeng. For example, Empress Dowager Cixi returned to Beijing from Kaifeng at that time and walked for 24 days on the road. Coupled with the preparation before the trip, in fact, more than a month is not too plentiful. The examiner in the last exam (the Reform Movement of 1898) was Sun Jianai, who did a good job, so this time he was entrusted with an important task. But this time, Sun Jianai screwed up: the writing of the policy question was wrong. As a result, after the examination, Sun Jianai and others were "handed over to the Ministry for discussion as usual."

The examiners for the Jiachen examination were also appointed in advance, but this time, Sun Jianai and others were not appointed, but a new team was replaced. On the sixth day of February in the 30th year of Guangxu (1904), the Qing government took Yu De, the minister of the Ministry of War and the co-organizer of the university, as the examiner, and Zhang Baixi, the minister of the official department, Lu Runxiang, the left imperial adviser of Duchayuan, and Dai Hongci, the right assistant minister of the household department, as the deputy examiner. The appointment time is only five days later than the above-mentioned family.

Here I would like to further explain that not only the last two examinations in the history of Chinese imperial examination system were held in Kaifeng, but also the last two rural examinations in Shuntianfu, where the Qing court was located. Once in the 28th year of Guangxu and once in the 29th year of Guangxu.

As mentioned earlier, according to the regulations of the Qing government, "taking the meridian as the base for having obtained the provincial examination". That is to say, in the year before each subject will be tested, all provinces will hold township examinations to select talents who will take part in the examination. Specifically, in the last years of Guangxu in the Qing Dynasty, the 26th year of Guangxu (AD 1900) was the year of Gengzi, and we should have held the township examination. However, as mentioned above, in July of this year, Eight-Nation Alliance, the invader of China, had already invaded Beijing, and the provincial examination failed to be held. Therefore, the Qing government decided to make up the rural examination of Gengzi in the 28th year of Guangxu (AD 1902). However, Beijing Hiram’s Hospital was destroyed by the war, so the Qing government decided to move Shuntian Township Examination to Henan Hiram’s Hospital. According to the regulations, the date of having obtained the provincial examination is in August. However, when the time comes, Shuntian will hold the township examination, and Henan will also hold the township examination, and the number of rooms in Henan Hiram’s Hospital is limited, so it is difficult to do it at the same time. So the Qing court decided to give way to Shuntian after Henan Provincial Examination, that is, Shuntian Provincial Examination was held in August, while Henan Provincial Examination was extended to October.

In the 29th year of Guangxu (AD 1903), it was the year of Guimao, and it was also the year of having obtained the provincial examination. In this year, Henan Gongyuan was the busiest. As mentioned earlier, Xin Chou Branch will try to make up for it in Henan Hiram’s Hospital in March this year. In August and October, it is necessary to welcome the provincial examinations in Shuntian and Henan. It is probably unique in the history of China’s imperial examination system that one Hiram’s Hospital has three examinations a year.

Because of the need to promote school education, the Qing government announced in the 31st year of Guangxu (AD 1905) that it would stop the provincial examination and the general examination from the 3rd year of Bingwu (32nd year of Guangxu, AD 1906). In this way, in the feudal society of China, the imperial examination system was implemented for more than 1,300 years, and it died.

To sum up, we can see what an important role Henan Gongyuan played when the feudal imperial examination system in China was coming to an end. During the twenty-eight to thirty years of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty (AD 1902-1904), in just three years, four provincial examinations and two examinations were staged in Henan Gongyuan. For a time, Henan Gongyuan became a wonderful stage for the performance of China’s imperial examination system, and at the same time, this land on our campus became the end of China’s imperial examination system.

Clear fingerprints of more than 2,000 years ago were found on the ＂supine figurines＂ of Qin Shihuang’s mausoleum, which was analyzed by Hangzhou criminal investigation experts.

Time goes back to more than 2200 years ago, at the foot of Mount Li in the Qin Dynasty.

Hundreds of thousands of craftsmen, like surging ant colonies, are busy with the huge Mausoleum project. Among the crowd, there is a young man, sweating like a pig, stirring water and loess with his hands, making a group of palace figurines by hand …

This magnificent scene was described by Sima Qian in Historical Records-"The world sent more than 700,000 people to wear three springs, and the copper was poured down … With mercury as a hundred rivers and seas, the machine was instilled, with astronomy on the top and geography on the bottom …"

Among more than 700,000 craftsmen, teenagers are very humble. People from Zhao and Chu? The place of origin is unknown.

After the completion, in order to cover up the truth of the Mausoleum, he failed to escape the fate of being killed. But his works and fingerprints "signature" were left behind, and were finally discovered by today’s archaeologists …

On June 11th, the Cultural and Natural Heritage Day, the Mausoleum Museum of the First Qin Emperor announced the "No.28 figurine" in the hundred-play figurine pit of the Qin Mausoleum for the first time, which attracted a lot of attention and quickly became popular on the Internet.

The 28 th figurine, which has attracted much attention, is called "supine figurine" by archaeologists because of its unique posture.

Many netizens joked, "Is it practicing yoga?"

Khan Lee, director of the Mausoleum Museum of the First Emperor of Qin Dynasty, said, "It belongs to the hundred-play figurines, showing the image of the hundred-play figures in the court of Qin Dynasty. What is special about this figurine is its posture, which may be similar to that of a carp, or it may lean over and lean back. "

Little known is that today, more than 2,200 years later, when it reappeared, there were only 72 pieces and 12 bags of debris, with no head, no hands and lost right leg.

It is quite different from the Terracotta Warriors and Horses. It is speculated by academic circles that these terracotta warriors and horses are hundred-drama warriors and horses that provide hundreds of performances for the court of Qin Dynasty, so the burial pit is tentatively named "Hundred-drama Warrior Pit".

After more than 9 months, the restored figurine is 154 cm long and weighs 101.4 kg. Because of the long time, its body color has been broken and transformed.

Hangzhou criminal investigation expert:

Fingerprints are more in line with the characteristics of young people

"According to Zhou Ping, vice president of the Mausoleum Museum of the First Qin Emperor, three continuous fingerprint marks were found on the painted surface of the abdomen during the protection and restoration of the supine figurines. Experts from dactylography, a professional appraisal institution, collected data and made professional analysis on three fingerprints. After comparison, these three fingerprints are highly similar to those of teenagers, and the craftsman of this pottery figurine should be a teenager. " -According to Xinhua News Agency,

Why can you tell your age from fingerprints?

This fingerprint also aroused the interest of criminal investigation experts of Hangzhou Public Security Bureau.

Police officer Shi Taoning is a senior expert in fingerprint inspection and identification. After carefully studying the fingerprint photos of "supine figurines", he told reporters that "the conclusion of the cultural protection department should be comprehensively judged according to the fingerprint shape, including the overall shape and details."

"If it were me, I would judge from this aspect: a person’s fingerprint is called a ridge, and a furrow is called between two stripe lines. The fingerprints found by Qin terracotta warriors, this furrow is still quite obvious.

"The gap between lines and furrows of young people is relatively large, and the gap between heights of older people is relatively small. Young people are relatively full and elastic, and it is easier to leave obvious details. However, for older people, with the loss of body water, the skin is cracked and shriveled, and the skin friction is damaged after labor, so the lines will not be so clear.

"Found on the terracotta warriors this time, it should be a three-dimensional fingerprint. The furrows and ridges of the fingerprint have a proper width ratio, which shows that they have not been excessively squeezed, which is more in line with the characteristics of young people. Combining these characteristics of fingerprints, we can judge the approximate age.

"Fingerprints are this rule with age, but fingerprint features are basically unchanged for life, except for injuries or big wear and tear. From the morphological analysis alone, it is more in line with the characteristics of young people.

"In addition, considering the average life expectancy of the people in the Qin Dynasty and the fact that they were engaged in manual labor, it makes sense to analyze whether it is left over by young people."

Fingerprints have been found on Qin terracotta warriors many times.

In fact, such mysterious fingerprints have been found on Qin terracotta warriors many times.

Ma Yu, a cultural relic restorer in the Mausoleum Museum of the First Qin Emperor, has participated in the restoration of horse figurines at various stages.

When cleaning a piece of pottery, he found many fingerprints on the piece of pottery, so he used silicone rubber to turn over the mold and take photos to save them.

He said, "This is a dialogue between us and the ancients."

Zhao Zhen, a cultural relic photographer in the Mausoleum Museum of the First Qin Emperor, once photographed nearly 8,000 terracotta warriors and horses. Speaking of finding the craftsman’s fingerprints on the face of the Terracotta Warriors, he was so excited that he choked.

"Clapping one day, I looked up and saw fingerprints on the face of a statue of terracotta warriors and horses, which were left by craftsmen who made terracotta warriors and horses more than 2200 years ago!

"When I saw that scene, time had disappeared, in the same place, he had just left, and I stepped on his footprints …"

The oldest fingerprints come from more than 7000 years ago.

Maybe it was left by a little girl.

The earliest fingerprint found on cultural relics is Yangshao culture more than 7000 years ago, which may have been left by a little girl.

On October 31, 2018, Yang Shuanchao, a researcher at Yangshao Culture Research Center of China Academy of Social Sciences and deputy director of Yangshao Culture Museum in Mianchi County, suddenly noticed a pottery jar fragment in the pit near the ash pit of the site. There is a complete and clear fingerprint on the round and delicate ear of the pottery jar.

The fingerprint experts in the criminal investigation department studied the fingerprints on the fragments: this fingerprint is not only clear, but also very slim. Judging from the size and grain depth, its owner should be a little girl.

The size and weight of the pottery jar itself are not too big, so it is very possible to finish it by a little girl.

In the primitive society with extremely underdeveloped productive forces, every labor force is very precious.

Cultural protection experts infer that in the age of eating and drinking blood, our ancestors took part in labor when they were children.

In addition, experts also found a problem: there are a lot of sweat holes in the fingerprint left by the little girl, and the number of sweat holes in animals depends entirely on the individual’s exercise. Therefore, it is judged that the little girl is engaged in a huge amount of labor and her body is always in a state of exhaustion.

Police officer Shi Taoning believes that it is actually very difficult to judge the sex of men and women from fingerprints.

"Generally speaking, male lines are thicker than female lines, but they are not absolute.

"In fact, the age of fingerprint speculation is itself based on the universal characteristics of high probability of fingerprint morphology, and it is not 100% accurate. To make an analytical conclusion, we must also make a comprehensive judgment based on multiple information of the actual situation. "

As for "Yangshao Fingerprint", Liu Pingping, a famous fingerprint scientist and deputy director of the Fingerprint Inspection Committee of China Criminal Science Association, believes that "fingerprints and fingerprints have been widely used in this era (Yangshao culture), and’ beauty by finger’ has become a fashion, and’ faith by finger’ has dawned, which has opened a precedent for human fingerprint application."

Like the little girl in Yangshao more than 7,000 years ago, the teenagers at the foot of Lishan Mountain more than 2,000 years ago had the same humble and short fate, and were not even qualified to leave their names on their works.

"Inadvertently", he quietly pressed three fingers on the terracotta warriors.

Follow the finger as the letter! After more than 2,000 years, I implicitly told people today, "I have been here …"

What clothes are the hundred-play figurines wearing?

Hangzhou has produced the latest research results.

At present, the Mausoleum Museum of the First Qin Emperor is cooperating with the China Silk Museum to study the costume restoration of No.4 Baixi figurines in Baixi Pit.

On June 22nd, at the Silk Road Cultural Protection Science and Technology Forum held in Hangzhou, Zhou Yang, deputy director of the China Silk Museum, showed the latest achievements in the research on the restoration of the costumes of hundreds of opera figurines in the Qin Dynasty-purple brocade fabric with black octagonal patterns and yellow dots …

Museum experts who participated in the restoration project told reporters that this hundred-play figurine to be restored has rich clothing patterns, including at least three patterns: geometric pattern, octagonal star pattern and cloud pattern.

Restoring Decorations of No.4 Servant of Baixi Figurines

More than 2,200 years ago, the "hundred operas" artists of the Qin Dynasty, such as the "supine figurines", probably wore such clothes and performed acrobatics and dances for Qin Shihuang and other officials …

Original title: "Clear fingerprints found more than 2,000 years ago on the" supine figurines "of Qin Shihuang Mausoleum! Hangzhou criminal investigation expert analysis: how to judge that the manufacturer is a young craftsman from fingerprints? 》

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The 5th world internet conference Forum on ＂Media Transformation and Communication Innovation＂ was held —— Chinese and foreign guests ＂talked＂ about the future of media.

On the morning of November 8, the forum "Media Reform and Communication Innovation" hosted by the Central Radio and Television General Station was held in Wuzhen. Shen Haixiong, Vice Minister of Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China and Director of the Central Radio and Television General Station, delivered a speech at the forum. He pointed out that in order to deeply understand and implement the central government’s decision-making arrangements, the mainstream media should not be self-styled, but should make a strong mainstream voice in public opinion fields such as the Internet to be worthy of the name. Traditional media should make good use of new technologies and embrace digitalization with the spirit of "elephants should learn to dance street dance".

On the morning of November 8, the forum "Media Reform and Communication Innovation" hosted by the Central Radio and Television General Station was held in Wuzhen. Zhuang Rongwen, deputy director of the Central Propaganda Department, director of the Office of the Central Cyber Security and Informatization Committee and director of the National Internet Information Office, delivered a speech at the forum. He pointed out that in the face of the tide of Internet development, promoting media reform and spreading innovation is like sailing against the current. If we don’t advance, we will retreat. We should seize the opportunity, take advantage of the situation, strengthen the responsibility of media development, and make contributions to building a better digital world.

With the continuous innovation of communication technology and the continuous reshaping of media structure, media reform and communication innovation are not only industrial issues related to the transformation of media institutions, but also major basic issues that determine what kind of social outlook human beings will shape and how to better seek common social well-being. In his congratulatory letter to the 5th world internet conference, the Supreme Leader General Secretary issued an initiative to all countries to jointly create a digital world of mutual trust and common governance and a more vibrant community of cyberspace destiny. In this process, the media is both a key participant and an important promoter. On November 8th, the 5th world internet conference Forum on "Media Reform and Communication Innovation" was held in Wuzhen. Many heavy Chinese and foreign guests attended the forum to discuss the contents of the congratulatory letter and discuss the development plan.

Notice of Guangdong Provincial Department of Transportation on Printing and Distributing the Measures for the Administration of Safe Site Construction of Railway Projects; Portal Website of Guangdong

Guangdong Provincial Department of Transportation on Printing and Distributing Railway Projects

Notice of the Measures for the Administration of Safe Site Construction

Guangdong Jiao [2021] No.18

The municipal transportation bureaus, Zhuhai, Foshan and Dongguan rail transit bureaus, transportation construction engineering quality inspection centers, China Railway Guangzhou Bureau Group, Provincial Railway Investment Group, Guangzhou Metro Group, Shenzhen Metro Group and Huizhou Transportation Investment Group:

　　In order to further strengthen the safety production management of provincial railway projects and implement the main responsibility of safety production of employees, according to the People’s Republic of China (PRC) Law on Safety Production, Regulations on Safety Production of Construction Projects, Regulations on Safety Production of Railways, Regulations on Safety Production of Guangdong Province and other laws, regulations and provisions, our office has formulated the Administrative Measures of Guangdong Provincial Department of Transportation on Safe Construction of Railway Projects, which has been approved by the Provincial Department of Justice and is hereby issued. Please follow it carefully.

Guangdong Provincial Department of Transportation

November 19, 2021

Guangdong Provincial Department of Transportation on Railway Engineering

Measures for the administration of safe site construction

Chapter I General Provisions

　　the first　In order to further strengthen the safety production management of railway engineering, implement the main responsibility of safety production of employees, prevent production safety accidents, and ensure the safety of people’s lives and property, these measures are formulated in accordance with the provisions of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Law on Safety Production, Regulations on Safety Production of Construction Projects, Regulations on Railway Safety Management, Regulations on Safety Production of Guangdong Province and other laws and regulations, combined with the actual railway construction in our province.

　　the second　These Measures shall apply to the safe site construction activities carried out during the construction period of the inter-city railways, local railways, special railways, special railway lines, high-speed railways approved by Guangdong Province, China National Railway Group Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd.") and Guangdong Province’s joint-venture provincial-controlled railways and other provincial-managed railways.

　　Article　The term "safe construction site" as mentioned in these Measures refers to the fact that the project practitioners take the implementation of the main responsibility of safety production as the core, take the risk prevention and control in the construction process as the goal, have zero tolerance of accident hidden dangers and have all-round safety protection, implement the "one line and three rows" working mechanism of safety production through the implementation of safety risk management and standardized construction safety management, and constantly promote the organic unity of safety civilization in the construction site and standardization and standardization of construction operations. It is an important carrier to establish and improve the safety production guarantee system, improve the safety management level of railway construction and ensure the intrinsic safety of project construction.

　　The term "business units and employees" as mentioned in these Measures refers to units engaged in railway engineering construction, agent construction, construction, supervision, general contracting and other activities and related safety production management personnel, among which general contracting, construction, supervision and other units refer to project site management institutions.

　　Article 4　The construction management of safe site mainly includes the examination of safe production conditions before the project starts (resumes), the construction of safe site during the construction, assessment and evaluation, etc. In the process of safe construction of railway projects, employees are encouraged to actively carry out scientific and technological research on safety production, popularize and apply advanced and applicable production technologies and equipment, steadily promote intelligent construction, enhance the level of informatization and digitalization, and continuously strengthen and improve safety production management.

　　Article 5　The administrative department in charge of provincial railway construction is responsible for the supervision and management of provincial railway safe site construction, organizing the formulation of "Assessment and Evaluation Standards for Safe Site Construction of Railway Projects" (hereinafter referred to as "Standards", see Annex), specifically responsible for the annual assessment and evaluation of safe site approved by relevant provincial departments and the joint examination and approval of preliminary design of provincial-controlled joint venture railway projects by China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd. and Guangdong Provincial People’s Government, with the assistance of listed railway construction administrative departments at all levels.

　　The administrative departments of railway construction in various cities are responsible for the annual safety site assessment and evaluation of the preliminary design railway projects approved by them, and the administrative departments of railway construction at the county level along the line assist and cooperate.

Chapter II Construction Requirements

　　Article 6　Railway construction projects should ensure the conditions for safe production, implement the responsibility for safe production, establish the project safety production management system, implement the real-name management of employees, and realize the refinement of safety management, scientific risk management, informationization of management means, standardization of team construction, standardization of on-site protection, normalization of hidden danger management, and procedural emergency rescue, and continue to improve.

　　Article 7　Railway construction projects should promote risk management, follow the principle of "safety first, prevention first and dynamic management", focus on construction safety and stable risk management, take effective measures to control and avoid safety risks, reduce and reduce risk disasters and risk losses, and attach great importance to sudden and catastrophic risks.

　　Article 8　The construction safety management and on-site safety control shall be carried out in accordance with the requirements of railway engineering construction safety standardization. With the standardization of management system, staffing, site management and process control as the basic connotation, technical standards, management standards, operation standards and workflow as the main basis, and mechanization, specialization, factory and informationization as the supporting means, the operation mechanism of safe site construction management is established to achieve the management goal of safe site construction.

　　Article 9　Safe site construction must meet the safety production conditions stipulated in the mandatory standards for engineering construction. The business unit shall ensure the investment of funds, personnel, facilities and equipment necessary for the safe production conditions of the unit, and no unit or individual may reduce the safe production conditions.

　　Article 10　Business units of railway construction projects shall implement the laws, regulations and standards for safety in production, take the project quality and safety as the core, formulate and improve the responsibility system for safety in production for all employees according to laws and regulations, clarify the responsible personnel, scope of responsibility and assessment standards of each post, and publicize them.

　　Article 11　Railway construction projects implement the dual prevention mechanism of classified management and control of safety risks and investigation and management of hidden dangers, make full use of information means, strengthen dynamic monitoring, strengthen risk prevention and control, and minimize and resolve safety risks.

　　Project business units should carry out risk identification in an all-round way, carry out design and construction safety risk assessment according to regulations, and improve the design scheme, construction organization design, special construction scheme and emergency plan according to the evaluation conclusion. For the risk events listed in the risk list, it is necessary to clarify the risk management responsibilities and countermeasures of relevant business units, especially for major, complex and high-risk projects, the construction unit shall prepare a special construction safety plan.

　　Project business units should conscientiously implement the system of guaranteeing the leadership and leading cadres in high-risk worksites, track and check the identified risks and take measures to control them in combination with start-up (resumption) safety inspection, seasonal safety inspection and special safety inspection.

　　Article 12　Business units of railway construction projects should strengthen the management of key links in production safety, In view of unfavorable geology and special geotechnical tunnels, wading underground works under or near water areas (rivers, lakes, seas, etc.), tunnels under important buildings, high piers, hanging baskets and cast-in-place supports, erection and installation of beam and slab, formwork engineering and support system, special structural bridges, deep foundation pits, high and steep slopes, water cofferdams, construction near business lines and business lines, high-risk worksites prone to geological disasters, track laying and beam erecting, etc. Focus on safety control of key engineering parts and operation links such as lifting and hoisting of large machinery, and strengthen prevention and emergency measures for natural disaster risks such as typhoon, rainstorm, strong convection, flood, waterlogging, mudslides and landslides.

　　Project practitioners should highlight the governance of the red line of quality and safety of railway construction projects, and strictly investigate the red line of quality and safety in the construction of safe construction sites. Strictly implement the special safety plan for high-risk worksites. If it is not approved, it is not allowed to start work. If the construction plan for business lines is not approved and the pre-commencement procedures are not fulfilled, the safety pace of tunnel construction must comply with the relevant regulations of the design and construction unit (including the agent construction unit, the same below), and the construction safety pace exceeds the standard or the excavation method must be stopped without authorization. And "Nine Provisions on Tunnel Construction Safety" and "Several Measures to Prevent Railway Construction Safety Risks under Complex Geological Conditions" formulated by the former State Administration of Work Safety, Ministry of Transport, the State Council State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission and State Railway Administration, so as to ensure effective prevention and resolutely curb the occurrence of serious accidents.

　　Article 13　Railway construction projects should implement normalized closed management for the investigation and management of hidden dangers of production safety accidents to prevent and resolve major hidden dangers of production safety accidents. Project business units shall establish and improve the system of investigation and management of hidden dangers of accidents, clarify the contents of investigation, notification (early warning), rectification, evaluation and acceptance, filing, reward and punishment assessment, filing, etc., clarify the responsibility of accident hidden dangers step by step, and implement them to specific posts and personnel. In accordance with the regulations, the whole process of hidden danger investigation, registration (filing), governance, acceptance, evaluation and cancellation shall be recorded and notified to employees.

　　Article 14　Business units of railway construction projects shall register and file major hazard sources, conduct regular inspection, evaluation and monitoring, formulate emergency plans, and inform employees and relevant personnel of the emergency measures to be taken in case of emergency. In accordance with the relevant provisions of the state, the major hazard sources, relevant safety measures and emergency measures of this unit shall be reported to the emergency management department and relevant departments of the people’s government where the project is located for the record.

　　Article 15　The business units of railway construction projects shall prepare and implement emergency plans according to regulations, prepare sufficient emergency materials, personnel and equipment, and organize training and drills according to regulations. The construction unit shall, according to the characteristics of the project, as well as the probability and influence degree of the accident, prepare the comprehensive emergency plan, special emergency plan and on-site disposal plan of the project according to the regulations, and organize regular drills. Establish a project emergency rescue organization according to law or designate part-time emergency rescue personnel with certain professional ability on the project site, and carry out professional training regularly. Prepare the list of emergency resources in combination with the actual project, equip with necessary emergency rescue equipment, equipment and materials, and carry out regular maintenance, maintenance and update.

　　Article 16　The general contracting unit of railway project construction (including the professional contracting enterprise that directly contracts the project contracted by the construction unit) shall, in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Regulations on the Protection of Wage Payment for Migrant Workers and the Provisions on Wage Margin for Migrant Workers in the Field of Engineering Construction, handle the wage margin account in the bank where the project is located according to law, store the wage margin or apply for opening a bank guarantee. Where the wage deposit is replaced by the engineering guarantee company guarantee or engineering guarantee insurance, it shall be implemented with reference to the relevant provisions of the bank guarantee.

Chapter III Assessment and Evaluation

　　Article 17　The construction unit is the main body of the safe construction site, and shall ensure that the safe production conditions of the project meet the requirements of the Standard. Before the commencement of projects, key and difficult control projects and dangerous sub-projects reaching a certain scale, the construction unit shall report the implementation of the safety production conditions agreed in the contract to the supervision and construction unit; In the process of construction, when the safety production conditions of the project change, an application for review shall be submitted to the supervision unit in time.

　　From the start of the construction contract to the preliminary acceptance, the construction unit shall, in accordance with the requirements of the Standards, conduct self-examination and self-correction on the construction of safe construction sites at least once a month, and organize self-evaluation at least once a quarter. Targeted measures shall be taken to improve the indicators with more points deducted and the outstanding problems that appear repeatedly, so as to eliminate the weak links in safety management in time, and the self-evaluation results of the previous quarter shall be reported to the supervision unit for review before the 5th day of the first month of each quarter, and then to the construction unit after the review is passed.

　　Article 18　The supervision unit shall take the construction of safe construction site as the main content of safety supervision. Before the construction of a certain scale of dangerous sub-projects starts, the supervision unit shall timely carry out audits in accordance with the Standards and report the audit results to the construction unit.

　　During the construction process, the supervision unit shall conduct a special inspection on the construction management of the safe construction site of the construction unit within the scope of supervision every quarter according to the requirements of the Standard, and urge the rectification in time when problems are found; If there are serious quality and safety hazards, the project suspension order shall be issued and reported to the construction unit; Refusing to rectify or stop the construction, the construction unit shall promptly report to the administrative department of railway construction at the local level of the project.

　　Article 19　In the case of general contracting of railway projects, the general contracting unit shall be the main management body of the construction subcontractors, and shall establish corresponding systems for safe site construction, assessment, rewards and punishments, incorporate the implementation of standardized management of construction safety and the development of safe site construction into the management of construction subcontracts, and strengthen process supervision and inspection.

　　The general contractor of the project shall, in accordance with the requirements of the Standard, organize a safety site construction assessment for subcontractors every six months, conduct self-assessment and self-correction on its own safety management behavior, establish corresponding assessment records and file them in time; The audit results of safety production conditions before commencement (resumption) and the evaluation results of safe site construction during construction shall be submitted to the construction unit in a timely manner.

　　Article 20　The construction unit is the main body of the assessment and evaluation of the safe construction site of the project, and is responsible for the management of the safe construction site of the project. Responsible for organizing, coordinating, inspecting, guiding, evaluating and assessing the safe site construction, formulating the overall goal of safe site construction of construction projects, putting forward construction safety management requirements for project general contracting, construction and supervision units, doing a good job in the coordination and management of all contractors, strengthening risk monitoring and checking the implementation, and ensuring the safety of project construction. The construction unit shall establish the system of safe site construction, assessment, rewards and punishments, etc., incorporate the implementation of standardized management of construction safety and the development of safe site construction into safety management and credit evaluation, and strengthen the process supervision and inspection.

　　The construction unit shall, in accordance with the requirements of the Standard, organize and carry out safety production conditions audit before the project starts (resumes), organize a safety site construction assessment for all general contracting, construction and supervision units of the project every six months, conduct self-assessment and self-correction on their own safety management behaviors, establish corresponding assessment records and file them in time; The audit results of safety production conditions before construction and the evaluation results of safe site construction during construction shall be submitted to the administrative department of railway construction at prefecture level and listed in time.

　　Article 21　The administrative department in charge of railway construction at prefecture-level and listed cities shall, according to the division of responsibilities, incorporate the management of safe site construction into the annual work plan of production safety of this unit. When making the annual safety supervision and inspection plan, we should focus on the construction of safe sites of railway projects under our jurisdiction, organize a supervision and spot check on the construction of safe sites of engineering project construction units within our jurisdiction every year, and at the same time, according to the assessment and evaluation of safe site construction submitted by the construction units, spot check on not less than 10% of the construction and supervision contract sections, and the spot check should cover projects with a construction period of less than one year. The focus of supervision and spot check shall include the standardization of assessment and evaluation work of the project construction unit, the implementation of safety risk prevention and control, investigation and management of hidden dangers of accidents, and the implementation of safety standardization. We should increase the frequency of spot checks on projects with major hidden dangers of accidents.

　　Article 22　The evaluation results of safe construction site construction are reflected by the evaluation score compared with the Standard. The evaluation score is calculated according to the percentage system, which is divided into two grades: qualified and unqualified. The evaluation score of 70 or above is qualified, and less than 70 is unqualified.

　　If the construction and supervision contract section fails to pass the first examination, it shall be rectified in time, and an application for re-evaluation shall be submitted to the construction unit after the rectification and self-evaluation is qualified. The construction unit shall organize a re-evaluation, and if there are serious quality and safety risks in the construction and supervision contract section that is still unqualified after re-evaluation, it shall stop work for rectification and timely report to the administrative department of railway construction listed at prefecture level.

　　Article 23　The administrative department in charge of railway construction at prefecture level and listed on the market shall strengthen the supervision of the construction management of safe construction sites. If there are problems such as a mere formality in the construction of safe construction sites, fraud in assessment, and unqualified evaluation results, the project construction unit shall be required to organize rectification and re-assessment, and be recorded, and the person in charge of the construction unit and the legal representative of the construction and supervision enterprise shall be interviewed; Construction enterprises that have major safety risks that have not been effectively controlled and major accidents that have not been rectified in time shall be dealt with according to the relevant laws and regulations on production safety; Units and personnel who violate laws and regulations shall record their bad behaviors according to regulations and impose administrative penalties according to law.

　　Article 24　The administrative department in charge of railway construction at prefecture-level and listed cities shall summarize and analyze the construction management of safe construction sites of railway projects within their jurisdiction on an annual basis, and take the construction projects, construction contract sections and supervision contract sections that have achieved remarkable results in safe construction sites as annual models, increase publicity, play a leading role in benchmarking, and be encouraged by means of rewards and credit points.

　　Article 25　Railway engineering construction projects with the following conditions can be regarded as the annual typical of provincial safe construction sites:

　　(1) The scores of previous assessment results organized by each unit are all above 90 points (inclusive), and the tree of assessed management units is typical for this year;

　　(two) the safety production conditions of construction projects meet the specified requirements, and the standardized management of construction safety is fully implemented;

　　(three) the annual completion of the construction project entity workload of more than 10% and the cumulative completion of the entity workload of more than 30%;

　　(4) The safety management objectives of the construction project are clear, the measures are feasible, the organization is effective, and the experience is outstanding. Since the start of construction, there have been no accidents related to production safety and accidents related to railway traffic above Class C in general, and there have been no accidents related to construction in the current year;

　　(five) to participate in the comprehensive supervision and inspection of the quality and safety of railway projects under construction organized by railway construction administrative departments at all levels in the current year, and its comprehensive score is higher than the average score of all inspection projects in the same organization department;

　　(six) the project construction unit voluntarily proposed, and recommended by the administrative department of railway construction at the prefecture level.

　　Article 26　The administrative departments in charge of railway construction at the local level and listed on the market shall, before the end of February each year, report the summary report, supervision and spot check (see Annex 2), the publicized evaluation results, and the provincial typical construction project data and recommendations (see Annex 3) to the administrative departments in charge of railway construction in the province.

　　Article 27　The provincial administrative department in charge of railway construction shall, in combination with the supervision of railway engineering construction industry, select and establish typical provincial-level safe construction site projects on an annual basis and make them public.

　　Concealed, reported and verified, or exposed by the media that there are major hidden dangers of accidents that have not been rectified and production safety accidents have occurred, the qualification of typical projects in safe construction sites will be cancelled.

　　Chapter IV Supplementary Provisions

　　Article 28　According to the project examination and approval authority, the administrative departments in charge of railway construction at the local level shall be responsible for the safe construction management of intercity railways, urban (suburban) railways, feeder railways, special railway lines and other projects examined and approved by the administrative departments in charge of railway construction at the local level, and specific implementation rules may be formulated in accordance with these measures.

　　Article 29　Units and individuals who violate laws and regulations in the construction and evaluation of safe construction sites shall bear corresponding legal responsibilities according to the relevant provisions of the state and province.

　　Article 30　The Guangdong Provincial Department of Transportation shall be responsible for the interpretation of these Measures.

　　Article 31　These Measures shall be implemented as of January 1, 2022 and shall be valid for 5 years.

　　Attachment:1. Evaluation criteria for safe construction of railway projects; 2 railway engineering project "safe site" evaluation (spot check) table; 3. Recommended List of Typical Projects of "Safe Site" of Railway Engineering

Japan and South Korea released the annual box office, and China became the second box office producer in the world.


"Thailand" has achieved unprecedented success in China.


The attendance of "League of Thieves" has set a new record for South Korea.

　　　 While the China film market rejoiced at the box office success in 2012 and the box office of two domestic films both exceeded 100 million US dollars, the annual box office of Japan and South Korea in 2012 has also been released, and the performance of local films in the two countries has completely overwhelmed Hollywood, especially the Korean film market, and the total box office value has increased. However, in terms of overall box office output value, Japanese and Korean film markets are not as good as China’s.

phenomenon: Local films performed well.

　　　 Due to the reconstruction after the tsunami and the economic downturn, Japan’s box office in 2012 was not as good as before, with a long-term operation of 7.33 billion yen, ranking first in the whole year. In the top ten box office of the year, except for two Hollywood movies, the rest are domestic movies, and the animated film theater version occupies five of them.

　　　 In the Korean film market in 2012, the number of 194.71 million people watching movies increased by 35% compared with that in 2011, while local films also accounted for 58.8% of the viewing share with 114.52 million people watching movies, breaking the previous historical record and breaking the 100 million mark for the first time.

　　　 The overall box office of the Korean film market in 2012 reached 14,500 trillion won, and the number of people watching popular films set a new record in Korea. In the top 10 annual box office, except for three Hollywood movies, the rest are local 2D movies.

Top 10 Korean Movie Box Office in 2012

　　　 Rank the number of people watching movies

　　　 113.02 million

　　　 212.319 million

　　　 3 (Hollywood) 7.07 million

　　　 47.06 million

　　　 5 (Hollywood) 6.396 million

　　　 64.9 million

　　　 7 (Hollywood) 4.853 million

　　　 84.694 million

　　　 94.598 million

　　　 104.515 million

Next page:Impact: The overall output is not as good as that of China.

Looking Up’s cold and Jason Wu’s joining failed to save the market.

　　Hope is pinned on "Nezha"

　　Looking Up failed to become an explosion

　　One’s name is on the list of successful candidates.

　　Yangcheng Evening News reporter Lili

　　Last weekend, the summer file ushered in a major domestic film — — Deng Chao and Yu Baimei cooperated for the third time in Looking Up. The film was once optimistic about the box office potential because of its close focus on educational hot issues. But unfortunately, after the three-day screening on the first weekend, the hope that the market was caught on fire was dashed again.

　　If there is no reference, there is no basis for saying that this year’s summer movies are too weak, but who made last year’s and the year before last summer’s summer movies too strong! In 2017, the total box office of Wolf Warriors 2 was 5.68 billion yuan, and in 2018, the total box office of Dying to Survive was 3.07 billion yuan. However, insiders generally predict that none of the summer movies released at present is expected to reach a similar volume.

　　Let’s start with Dying to Survive. Last year, the film grossed 323 million yuan on the first day of the summer file. This summer’s Looking Up’s first day box office was only 161 million yuan, about half of the former; Moreover, the score of douban in Dying to Survive is 9.0, while that in Looking Up is only 6.5. As a discussion on the reality of a certain field of society, the reputation will undoubtedly directly affect the box office prospects of the film. Dying to Survive’s attendance rate on weekdays is still as high as over 20%, while Looking Up’s attendance rate on Monday is only 10.8%. Based on this speculation, the film is likely to end up in the order of 1 billion yuan, just like "Anti-drug 2", which has been released for 14 days with a box office of 1.088 billion yuan.

　　Let’s take a look at the 2017 summer champion "Wolf Warriors 2". The box office of the film was not high on the first day, only 102 million yuan, but it went against the market: 214 million yuan on the second day, 312 million yuan on the third day, and reached the goal of 2 billion yuan eight days later. Can Looking Up, which also owns Jason Wu, take the same route? Considering the irreproducibility of the theme appeal of Wolf Warriors 2, this possibility is very small.

　　Who can take the stick?

　　Among the following domestic films, there are two that are most likely to catch fire: one is Ne Zha, which is shown in advance in the whole country, and both the plot and the technology are considered to represent the highest level of domestic cartoons at present. The film will be officially released on July 26, and the current Douban score is 8.7. The other is "Hero of Fire", which was released on August 1st. This film, featuring firefighters, is adapted from a real event. At present, it has only been shown on a small scale in the industry. It is said that the story is "burning and tearing". It remains to be seen whether these two films can finally succeed in the summer file "explosion".

Brief introduction of Auchan automobile brand

Auchan Automobile is a brand-new passenger car brand of Changan Group. It is a user-led startup company with advanced platform technology, aiming at providing comfortable quality cars for China family.

Auchan Automobile, as an important part of Changan Automobile, has a long history and created many glories, making outstanding contributions to the development of Changan Automobile as a whole and China automobile market. With the traction of demand upgrading and the driving force of four technological innovations (intelligence, networking, electrification and platformization), the energy of industrial transformation is constantly gathering, and Auchan automobile brand comes into being. In the future, he will be a platform-based automobile brand that consumers are willing to make their own decisions and choices. This platform is an open platform dominated by customers, and it is a platform that grows together with customers and grows infinitely based on customer needs. It will take the customer as the origin, and change the industrial chain structure of "supplier-OEM-dealer-customer" in the automobile industry, aiming at the pain point of customers passively accepting services in the automobile industry. All ports are directly oriented to customers, born for customers, decided by customers, owned by customers, and become a truly customer-led open platform, giving customers the initiative and choice.

In terms of overall product layout, Auchan automobile brand will be customer-oriented, redefine products according to customer usage scenarios at the product end, and launch 2 ~ 3 new products every year. It is estimated that by 2020, automobile products will no longer have a fixed form. Consumption upgrading is characterized by personalization, scene, experience and sharing, which leads to the continuous expansion of the boundaries of product forms. It will be difficult to define MPV or SUV, and cars will become the real third space and the open entrance of various services. Auchan Automobile not only upgrades its products, but also focuses on upgrading its user value system. With the introduction of the first product COS 1 into the market, we will also build a new customer service system.

Gradually change the traditional asset-oriented model of automobile 4S stores, establish a brand-new "N * 2S+1 * 2S+X * House" customer service system, and deeply integrate the terminal forms such as trading, experience, maintenance, used cars, brand culture and life service space, which are dominated by customer scenes. At present, Auchan Automobile has built 40 new experience centers, and will upgrade more than 1,000 image stores nationwide in the future to provide consumers with the ultimate experience.

At the same time, the client of Auchan Style APP, which is customer-centered and different from the traditional instrumental app, has been launched, and guided by customer experience, customer stickiness and interactive friendliness, it provides customers with more personalized solutions.

In the future, Auchan will adhere to the two-line product matrix and fully enter the passenger car market. Fully promote the brand, focus on the user experience, face different needs, deepen the market segments, and provide comfortable quality cars for China "big family".

Blue Books of World Internet Development Report 2019 and China Internet Development Report 2019 were released.

　　On the afternoon of October 20th, 2019, the blue books of World Internet Development Report 2019 and China Internet Development Report 2019 compiled by China Cyberspace Research Institute were officially released at the 6th world internet conference. This is an important theoretical achievement of the conference. The Blue Book focuses on the new trends, new trends and new changes in the development of the Internet, reviews achievements, summarizes experiences and analyzes the situation, and strives to provide objective information, experience reference and ideological guidance for the development of the global Internet. It is the latest achievement in the research on the development and governance of the global Internet.

　　The Blue Book of world internet conference consists of two reports, World Internet Development Report 2019 and China Internet Development Report 2019. The former focuses on the international and the latter focuses on the domestic. From eight key areas, such as information infrastructure, network information technology, digital economy, digital government and e-government, Internet media, network security, cyberspace rule of law construction, and international governance of cyberspace, it closely follows the hot issues in the forefront of Internet development and comprehensively shows the new global Internet development in 2019. Among them, the World Internet Development Report 2019 is based on the global vision and China perspective, focusing on the global Internet development and practice of new technologies, applications and developments, and outlines a grand blueprint for building a community of cyberspace destiny. China Internet Development Report 2019 is guided by the Supreme Leader’s New Era Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought, especially the important thought of the Supreme Leader’s General Secretary on the network power. With vivid experiences and vivid cases, it presents the new ideas, practices and achievements of China’s Internet development in 2019 in a panoramic and three-dimensional way, clarifies China’s proposition, puts forward China’s plan and contributes China’s wisdom.

　　It is noteworthy that this year marks the 50th anniversary of the birth of the Internet in the world and the 25th anniversary of China’s full-featured access to the Internet. At the beginning of the two blue books, the sections of "50 years of Internet development in the world" and "25 years of Internet development in China" were added respectively. The "50 Years of World Internet Development" systematically reviews the profound impact of the Internet’s birth on industrial transformation, scientific and technological progress, cultural communication, production and life, social governance and peaceful development, and fully expounds the opportunities and challenges brought about by the development of the Internet. The "25 Years of Internet Development in China" shows the magnificent development course of Internet in China in the past 25 years from three aspects: following the trend, China’s Internet is fully prosperous and developing; following the trend, speeding up the strategic goal of becoming a network power; and following the trend, firmly grasping the opportunities of information development. The Blue Book system summarizes the development of the Internet, which broadens the historical horizon, summarizes the development law and provides governance ideas for countries to understand, develop and govern the Internet.

　　It is an important content of the Blue Book to publish the comprehensive evaluation and index ranking of Internet development in the world and China. This year, the Blue Book further optimized and adjusted the world Internet development index system and China Internet development index system, combined with the new development reality in the Internet field, improved the comprehensive evaluation system, expanded the evaluation scope, optimized the algorithm model, and strengthened data collection, which improved the scientific, authoritative and accurate evaluation. Among them, the World Internet Development Index system further expanded the scope of evaluation, and selected 48 evaluation objects, covering major economies on five continents and countries with representative Internet development, in an effort to comprehensively, objectively and accurately reflect the latest overall situation of global Internet development in the past year. From the results of this assessment, China and the United States have the most outstanding development, while European powers such as Britain, France and Germany still maintain a high level, and developing countries and regions in Latin America and sub-Saharan Africa are still increasing their development efforts, among which the United States, China, South Korea, Britain and France rank in the top five. The index system of China Internet Development Index was further optimized, and adjusted to 6 first-class indicators, 17 second-class indicators and 50 third-class indicators. With the analytic hierarchy process, the Internet development of 31 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities in China was comprehensively evaluated, and the ranking of individual evaluations was released for the first time for six items, including infrastructure construction, innovation ability, digital economy, Internet application, network security and network governance, which played a guiding, encouraging and exemplary role in promoting Internet development and governance in various regions. Judging from the results of this assessment,Beijing, Shanghai, Guangdong, Zhejiang, Jiangsu and other places have the highest level of Internet development, ranking in the top five. The central and western regions are also intensifying their development, with a strong development momentum.

　　Standing at a new historical starting point, the Blue Book gives a comprehensive outlook on the future development of the Internet. Among them, the World Internet Development Report 2019 pointed out that the curtain of Internet development has just begun, and the subversive changes of the Internet on human social life are far from coming. All countries in the world should adhere to the Internet as the common home of mankind, strengthen the community awareness of cyberspace destiny, jointly respond to the challenges of cyberspace risks with a more positive attitude, strengthen communication, expand consensus, deepen cooperation, and jointly promote the cooperation, co-construction, sharing and co-governance of cyberspace, so that the fruits of Internet development can better benefit the people of the world. China Internet Development Report 2019 points out that Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era, and China Internet has also entered an important period of strategic opportunities for development. China Internet must adhere to the guidance of the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, especially the important thought of the Supreme Leader’s General Secretary on the network power, focus on realizing the historical task of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, grasp the trend of the information revolution era, earnestly shoulder the historical mission of building a network power, make the Internet better benefit the country and people, and make positive contributions to realizing the goal of "two hundred years" and the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

　　The blue book was drafted by the National Computer Network Emergency Technical Handling Coordination Center, China Institute of Information and Communication, National Research Center for Industrial Information Security Development, Tsinghua University, Peking University, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Institute of Information Engineering of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi ‘an Jiaotong-Liverpool University and other think tanks.

　　Yang Shuzhen, president of China Cyberspace Research Institute, Li Yuxiao, vice president of China Cyberspace Research Institute, and Feng Mingliang, deputy director of the Policy and Regulation Bureau of the National Network Information Office, attended the conference. Yang Shuzhen said that China Cyberspace Research Institute will continue to devote itself to the research on hot issues in various fields of the Internet, and continue to produce important theoretical research results such as the World Internet Development Report and the China Internet Development Report, and strive to contribute wisdom and strength to the global Internet development.

Hangzhou Colorful price reduction news! The reserve price 60,800, only this time

Welcome to Autohome Hangzhou Promotion Channel, which brings you the latest automotive market trends. At present, the much-watched Geely model is holding a grand promotion in Hangzhou. It is understood that consumers can enjoy a car purchase discount of up to 14,000 yuan, which further reduces the starting price of this popular SUV to 60,800 yuan. This is a great opportunity not to be missed. Friends who want to seize this discount, please be sure to click "Check Car Price" in the quotation form to get more detailed preferential policies and get the highest discount. Don’t let this great opportunity pass by, act quickly!

杭州缤越大幅降价！底价6.08万，仅此一次

杭州缤越大幅降价！底价6.08万，仅此一次

The car series Colorful shows its exquisite dynamic with a unique side design. The body size is 4330mm*1800mm*1609mm, and the wheelbase is up to 2600mm, giving a spacious ride space. The balanced layout of the front wheelbase 1551mm and the rear wheelbase 1562mm ensures the stability and handling of the vehicle. The tire size is 215/65 R16, and it is matched with a delicate wheel design, which not only enhances the visual effect, but also provides good driving performance. Overall, Colorful’s side lines are smooth and powerful, showing a modern urban style.

杭州缤越大幅降价！底价6.08万，仅此一次

In terms of interior, Geely Binyue creates a comfortable driving environment with its design concept of both refinement and technology. The center console adopts an 8-inch large screen design, which is clear and easy to operate, integrates multimedia functions, and provides USB/Type-C interface to meet the daily entertainment needs of drivers and passengers. The steering wheel is made of plastic material, although it is not a high-end material, but focuses on practicality and durability. The steering wheel supports manual up and down adjustment, making it convenient for the driver to find the most comfortable driving posture. The seat is made of leather/fabric mixed and matched materials, which is comfortable to touch and wear-resistant. The main seat supports front and rear, backrest and high and low 2-way adjustment to ensure passenger comfort. The sub-seat also has front and rear and backrest adjustment to meet the individual needs of passengers. The rear seat also supports proportional reclining, providing convenience for loading bulky items.

杭州缤越大幅降价！底价6.08万，仅此一次

The car is equipped with a 1.5L four-cylinder engine with a maximum power of 93 kW and a maximum torque of 152 Nm, capable of delivering 126 horsepower. Matched with a 5-speed manual transmission, it provides the driver with a stable handling experience. This engine focuses on economy and practicality, and can meet daily driving needs.

In short, for the owner of Autohome, the colorful exterior design is undoubtedly a bright spot. The sharp body lines and fashionable color scheme have won him and his relatives and friends alike. The owner’s personal experience and appreciation have undoubtedly added a bit of charm to this small SUV and made people have a deeper recognition of its appearance design.

＂Love Life＂ was questioned by netizens, Mingdao nude painting fake？


Ming Dao


nude painting

　　A few days ago, a video website exposed a video of Taiwanese idol Ming Dao braving the cold and snow of minus 30 degrees Celsius in the new film "Love Life", wearing a single dress to draw naked paintings for the heroine. Because the video was marked as "the unabridged version of the film", it attracted unprecedented attention. The number of clicks on the day exceeded 300,000, and it was pushed to the entertainment homepage by a large portal. The netizens praised the video for its beautiful and artistic images, but some netizens questioned that the shooting of the two protagonists who were not afraid of the cold of minus 30 degrees was fake, and believed that it was not the real scene.

　　Ming Dao’s video is from his electric shock work "Love Life". Ming Dao plays the Taiwanese painter Guangmo in the film, and there is a special friendship full of love between the female protagonist Yao Xingtong and Ruo in the film. The scene of Xuexiang painting is the most shocking part of the film. Generally, for movies made in China, the unabridged version is naturally a set of shots that will not appear in the film again. Therefore, the click through rate in the two days marked "unabridged version video" has been nearly 500,000 times, and it is labeled as a hot post. The netizens praised the picture for being very beautiful, because it has not yet been released, so many netizens were puzzled about why the two protagonists wore very few clothes in this play, and why they painted nude in the cold winter snow village. Why did they wear very few clothes in the ice and snow to paint? What does the director want to express? There are also many netizens who admire the professional behavior of the heroine in order to make a movie, and the full nudity of the body formation is very admirable. Some netizens say that the heroine’s move is just to stand out and become famous. Some also moved out Tang Wei to compare with the heroine. However, no matter how they evaluate it, it is admirable to be able to dedicate so much to a film art.

　　In addition to praising the beauty of the picture and the dedication of the heroine, many netizens speculated about the white snow in the video. Most people commented that it was not real snow. Normal people would be very cold even if they were wearing clothes and standing in the snow at minus tens of degrees. There are also netizens who observed more carefully, saying, "It’s tens of degrees below zero, isn’t the paint on Ming Dao’s drawing board frozen?"… For the various speculations and concerns of netizens, the film’s unconventional shooting techniques and the mystery of the authenticity of the video added a layer of mystery to "Love Life".　　

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