Author: Hong Xianghua (researcher and deputy director of the research department of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought Research Center, the supreme leader of the Central Party School [National School of Administration])
The construction of ecological civilization is a fundamental plan for the sustainable development of the Chinese nation. In June 2003, the supreme leader, then secretary of the Zhejiang Provincial Party Committee, implemented the grand project of "demonstrating thousands of villages and renovating thousands of villages" in Zhejiang. Since the implementation of the "Ten Million Projects" for 20 years, it has changed the face of rural areas in Zhejiang, and embarked on a new path of rural human settlements improvement and beautiful countryside construction with Zhejiang characteristics, which is driven by demonstration, promoted as a whole, deepened and expanded, transformed and upgraded, and accumulated practical experience for the new era and new journey to better explore the new modern road of harmonious coexistence between man and nature. Grasping the scientific thinking contained in the supreme leader’s ecological civilization thought from the "Ten Million Projects" will help to better implement the inherent requirements of "respecting nature, conforming to nature and protecting nature" put forward by the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, practice the new ideas, new ideas and new strategies of governing the country in the new era, and promote China’s high-quality economic and social development.
1. Strategic thinking related to national rejuvenation and sustainable development
Strategic thinking refers to the comprehensive analysis and overall control of the essence of things in practical activities, and then forms a rational thinking activity that combines respect for objective laws and subjective initiative, and the combination of subjective world and objective world. Its purpose is to pursue the overall interests in grasping and controlling the overall situation, so as to achieve a strategic goal or value pursuit. In June 2003, the supreme leader, then secretary of Zhejiang Provincial Party Committee, deeply realized the seriousness of ecological environment problems, the complexity of environmental pollution control and the importance of ecological civilization construction, and made a strategic judgment and decision to implement the "Ten Million Projects" with the mind of "I don’t have to succeed" and the tenacity of "drawing a blueprint to the end". Since the implementation of the "Ten Million Project", in the continuous struggle and all-round strategic planning of previous Zhejiang provincial committees for 20 years, a new pattern of rural revitalization of "the future of thousands of villages and the common prosperity of all villages" has been constructed, which profoundly embodies the significance of strategic thinking.
The top-level design of "Ten Million Projects" is guided by sustainable development strategies such as "Building an Ecological Province", "Eighth Five-Year Plan" and "Green Zhejiang", emphasizing the need to fully implement Scientific Outlook on Development and integrate the construction of ecological civilization into all aspects and the whole process of economic, political, cultural and social construction, further enriching the strategic connotation of building a well-off society in an all-round way and basically realizing modernization ahead of schedule; At the bottom logic level, based on the ontology of humanized nature and the epistemological height of dialectical unity between man and nature, it is pointed out that it is necessary to "promote the harmony between man and nature" and make a good ecological environment the most universal well-being of people’s livelihood; On the aspect of development prospect, it is emphasized to transform ecological advantages into development advantages, build a green economic operation system that meets the requirements of ecological civilization development, and gradually form a comprehensive pattern of ecological civilization construction in all fields. This series of arrangements not only realizes the unification of macro-vision and micro-vision, but also provides a strategic plan for building a beautiful China from the perspective of integrity and long-term, and builds a new idea of "a new era of socialist ecological civilization", which will more resolutely maintain the strategic strength of strengthening the construction of ecological civilization in the new period and explore "a new path of high-quality development oriented to ecological priority and green development"Provides strategic support.
2. Pay attention to the systematic thinking of overall promotion and collaborative governance
"Ecological civilization construction is a systematic project." How to realize the comprehensive and sustainable development in all fields of ecological civilization construction, and how to build "people — Nature — It is a complicated and arduous comprehensive project to build and share a social action network. It is necessary to put the concept of system into the whole process of ecological protection and high-quality development, the South-to-North Water Diversion Project, the management of major rivers, the adjustment of energy structure and other aspects, comprehensively use various means such as administration, market, science and technology, legal system, etc., conform to the inherent laws of ecological environmental protection in the overall grasp, strengthen the systematic and comprehensive management of the ecological environment, and build a harmonious and mutually beneficial community of human and natural life.
In the practice of promoting the "Ten Million Projects", in view of the ecological and environmental problems caused by the alienation of the relationship between man and nature, the supreme leader of the then Zhejiang Provincial Party Committee thought that "the existing environmental pollution brought about ‘ Trauma ’ , and caused by the destruction of the ecosystem ‘ Neurological symptoms ’ And ‘ caused by over-exploitation of resources; Physical overdraft ’ " Therefore, it is no longer a "stopgap, piecemeal, and mutually constrained". Instead, we must start from the perspective of system engineering and overall situation, excavate circular economy industries and ecological benefit projects with greater ecological dividends and people’s well-being, explore new paths of global planning, global construction, global promotion and global beauty in dotted lines and connected pieces, and transform "ecological advantages" into "people’s welfare" Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, in view of the contradiction between fragmentation and imbalance of ecological and environmental problems, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out, "We should realize that the landscape, forest, fields and lakes are a community of life, and the lifeblood of human beings is in fields, and the lifeblood of fields is in water, and the lifeblood of water is in mountains, the lifeblood of mountains is in soil, and the lifeblood of soil is in trees", which profoundly and thoroughly clarified the relationship between the various elements of the community of life.It shows that ecological protection and restoration must balance the rational allocation of natural ecosystem and human social and economic system from the relationship between the whole and the part, make overall planning according to time, place and event, and find the best solution by constantly promoting the balanced and optimized layout and scientific and efficient utilization of all elements, so as to continuously meet the growing needs of people’s beautiful ecological environment.
3. Dialectical thinking of coordinating economic benefits and ecological benefits
Dialectical thinking is a kind of thinking that reflects and conforms to the dialectical development process and laws of objective things. The key is to grasp the essence of things development by using "two-point theory" and "emphasis theory" combined with the dialectical relationship principle of universality and particularity. In August 2005, the supreme leader, then secretary of Zhejiang Provincial Party Committee, put forward the famous thesis of "Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets" for the first time. This conclusion is not only a vivid summary of the highly unified relationship between ecological construction and economic construction, but also a concrete application of Marxist dialectical thinking in ecological construction. General Secretary of Supreme Leader always insists on analyzing and solving major problems in ecological civilization construction by dialectical thinking, which is mainly reflected in the following aspects: First, based on the dialectical relationship between man and nature, he breaks through the dilemma between man’s pursuit of material interests and the ecological environment on which man depends, and points out that green mountains and green hills are the foundation and destination of Jinshan Yinshan, which is the material guarantee for the long-term maintenance of green mountains and green hills. Only by making the green mountains and green hills complement each other and make a virtuous circle can "man’s realized naturalism" and "Jinshan Yinshan" be truly realized. Secondly, based on the dialectical relationship between economic development and ecological protection, it is not confined to the abstract discussion of "eco-centrism" or "anthropocentrism".Nor does it stick to the stereotype of "developing first and then managing", but it emphasizes transforming the consumption of "green mountains and green hills" by "Jinshan Yinshan" into mutual promotion and common development, and strives to achieve a virtuous circle of environmental protection and economic development. Thirdly, based on the dialectical relationship between natural productive forces and social productive forces, we have abandoned the production concept and practice of seeking temporary economic growth at the expense of natural ecological benefits, regarded natural ecological environment as an active factor to promote the development of productive forces, firmly established the concept that protecting ecological environment means protecting productive forces and improving ecological environment means developing productive forces, and emphasized the development of green economy on the premise of protecting ecological environment, feeding back the ecological environment with the fruits of economic development, and achieving a win-win situation in the dialectical unity of the two.
4. Abide by the ecological red line and the bottom line thinking of green development
Bottom line thinking emphasizes taking the lowest point or the worst result of the development of things as the logical starting point, and striving for the maximum expectation or the best result on the premise of keeping the bottom line. In short, the bottom line thinking is the dialectical unity of sticking to the bottom line and seeking the most ideal goal. The construction of ecological civilization should implement strict management limits and spatial boundaries, strictly observe the red line of ecological protection, permanent basic farmland and urban development boundaries, strictly observe the bottom line of environmental quality and the upper line of resource utilization, fundamentally prevent the occurrence of qualitative change, ensure the stability of the ecosystem, and establish a rigid scale for the most thorough ecological protection and governance in China.
Summarizing the bottom line thinking of ecological civilization construction in the "Ten Million Projects" is mainly reflected in the following aspects: First, it emphasizes the basic position of ecological protection and ecological governance, and points out that "ecological environment is the most basic condition for human survival and the most important foundation for China’s sustainable development", and it must be placed in a crucial position, "protecting the ecological environment like eyes, treating it like life, and taking not damaging the ecological environment as the bottom line of development". Secondly, the construction of ecological civilization should be raised to the height of the rise and fall of the country, and it is pointed out that the deterioration of ecological environment is not only the danger of rivers, water sources, living environment, but also the danger of national survival. Therefore, the construction of ecological civilization must be placed in the position of priority and bottom line to prevent it from being irreparably damaged. Third, party member cadres are required to take the ecological red line as their political bottom line, so that the construction of ecological civilization can become the birthmark of party member cadres’ political life, and they are clear in their thoughts. Only by paving the "bottom line" of green development can there be great strides in future development;Only by outlining the "red line" of ecological priority can we stride into a new era of ecological civilization and point out the direction for party member cadres to better abide by the red line and bottom line of ecology in the new era.
5. Strengthen the rule of law thinking of rigid constraints and law enforcement.
Thinking under the rule of law is a cognitive activity that observes problems according to the logic of the rule of law and puts the concept, spirit and provisions of the rule of law into practice. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that "law is the heavy weapon of governing the country, and the rule of law is the important support of the country’s governance system and governance capacity", so we should use the strictest system and the strictest rule of law to promote the process of ecological civilization construction.
When implementing the practical requirements of the "Ten Million Projects" as a whole, Zhejiang, on the one hand, carried out the rigid thinking of "we must not be soft on acts that destroy the ecological environment and never make it happen again" to the end, and established local laws and regulations on rural ecological environment governance with strong operability and pertinence, making the system a rigid constraint and an untouchable high-voltage line; On the other hand, we should strengthen the coordination and systematization of legislation, and build a multi-subject co-governance model and a consensus system of law-abiding for all people from various angles. With the government as the leading factor, farmers as the main body and enterprises and social organizations as the auxiliary, we have jointly established a new trend of good governance in rural areas that advocates the rule of law. At the same time, in view of the bureaucratic phenomenon of ecological governance, such as "new officials ignore old scores", "people come to political reform and people go to political interest", corresponding laws and regulations on ecological environment supervision and accountability and "accountability system for leading cadres" have been formulated, and the normalization and standardization of supervision work have been promoted simultaneously, and "party and government share the responsibility" and "one post and two responsibilities" have been implemented, thus forcing cadres to become "goalkeepers" of the ecological environment.
6. Establish innovative thinking that transcends stereotypes and innovates.
The so-called innovative thinking refers to the thinking method of "breaking superstition, transcending stereotypes, being good at adapting to the times, advancing despite difficulties, and pioneering and innovating". On the whole, the main ideas of the Supreme Leader General Secretary in solving the problems in the construction of ecological civilization are as follows: ideologically, get rid of the mindset that hinders reform and development, get rid of the outdated concept of one-sided pursuit of economic growth rate and GDP worship consciousness, clarify the non-antagonistic relationship between ecological environment and economic development, and emphasize the green development concept to lead high-quality development; On the scale of value, on the premise of recognizing the basic role of nature in human survival and taking people-oriented thinking as the ideological bottom line, it puts forward that "a good ecological environment is the fairest public product and the most inclusive people’s livelihood and welfare", and expounds the basic problems of "who is the foundation" and "who is the main" in the construction of ecological civilization; In practice, we should strictly follow the policies and systems such as "whoever pollutes will treat", "prevention first, combining prevention with control", "environmental protection target responsibility" and "sewage discharge application registration and permit", carry out a series of strategic measures such as green consumption revolution, economic development transformation and supply-side structural reform, actively explore the informationization, diversification and intelligence of environmental governance and supervision means, and seek new ideas of leading ecological governance with scientific and technological development; In terms of method guidance,Adhere to the basic positions of dialectical materialism and historical materialism, break the ideological tendency of looking at problems in isolation and dealing with them, consider ecological civilization in the history of Chinese civilization development and socialist civilization development, and realize the overall control of ecological civilization construction with the concept of integrity and overall situation, thus promoting the iterative upgrading and continuous sublimation of "Ten Million Projects".
Promoting the construction of ecological civilization is not only a complex systematic project, but also a strategic task to realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. We must always adhere to the guidance of the supreme leader’s ecological civilization thought, follow the important instructions of the general secretary of the supreme leader on the "Ten Million Projects", and use innovative thinking to transcend stereotypes and innovate, so as to inject inexhaustible kinetic energy into the coordinated promotion of ecological civilization construction and Chinese modernization road in the integration of learning, thinking and application.
Guangming Daily (June 27, 2023, 06 edition)
